A Copernicus downstream-service for the nationwide monitoring of surface displacements in Germany

Kalia, Andre Cahyadi; Frei, Michaela; Lege, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.rse.2017.05.015

Cited by 66 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Furthermore, the matrix notation used in the LSA can be extended to add in other geodetic data such as levelling or GNSS measurements [61,62]. In addition, surface motions derived from GNSS data are particularly valuable for validation of large-scale InSAR products and for incorporation of relative InSAR measurements derived on numerous adjacent orbital tracks into seamless mosaicked products [88][89][90][91] that can be used to add a much higher density of geodetic measurements to national geodetic products such as a height datum [86].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving Three-Dimensional Surface Motion with InSAR: Constraints from Multi-Geometry Data Fusion

2019

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Interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology has been widely applied to measure Earth surface motions related to natural and anthropogenic crustal deformation phenomena. With the widespread uptake of data captured by the European Space Agency’s Sentinel-1 mission and other recently launched or planned space-borne SAR missions, the usage of the InSAR technique to detect and monitor Earth surface displacements will increase even more in the coming years. However, InSAR can only measure a one-dimensional motion along the radar line of sight (LOS), which makes interpretation and communication of InSAR measurements challenging, and can add ambiguity to the modelling process. Within this paper, we investigate the implications of the InSAR LOS geometry using simulated and observed deformation phenomena and describe a methodology for multi-geometry data fusion of LOS InSAR measurements from many viewing geometries. We find that projecting LOS measurements to the vertical direction using the incidence angle of the satellite sensor (and implicitly assuming no horizontal motions are present) may result in large errors depending on the magnitude of horizontal motion and on the steepness of the incidence angle. We quantify these errors as the maximum expected error from simulated LOS observations based on a Mogi deformation model. However, we recommend to use LOS observations from several image geometries wherever data are available, in order to solve for vertical and E–W oriented horizontal motion. For an anthropogenic deformation phenomenon observed in seven independent InSAR analyses of Envisat SAR data from the Sydney region, Australia, we find that the strong horizontal motion present could lead to misinterpretation of the actual motion direction when projecting LOS measurements to vertical (uplift instead of subsidence). In this example, the difference between multi-geometry data fusion and vertical projection of LOS measurements (at an incidence angle of 33.8°) reach up to 67% of the maximum vertical displacement rate. Furthermore, the position of maximum vertical motion is displaced horizontally by several hundred metres when the LOS measurements are projected.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Resolving Three-Dimensional Surface Motion with InSAR: Constraints from Multi-Geometry Data Fusion

2019

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“…The systematic generation of deformation maps on a national scale using SAR interferometry has become more feasible, as missions like Sentinel-1 provide global coverage on a regular basis. Often, these kinds of services must be combined with existing geodetic measurements in order to make them integrated and comparable [21]. In this work, a typical example is provided where InSAR velocities covering a large area-acquired in descending and ascending passes-are combined with a consistent number of GNSS-derived velocities.…”

Section: Netherlands Datasetsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the mathematical modeling, often applied on final measurements, requires a proper weighting of the different input data [20]. Other possible applications include the InSAR-based National Ground Motion Services [21]. Such projects are often required to provide a product that merges the InSAR-derived results and the results derived by the GNSS networks already deployed on the territory.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Covariance-Based Approach to Merging InSAR and GNSS Displacement Rate Measurements

2020

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This paper deals with the integration of deformation rates derived from Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry (InSAR) and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) data. The proposed approach relies on knowledge of the variance/covariance of both InSAR and GNSS measurements so that they may be combined accounting for the spectral properties of their errors, hence preserving all spatial frequencies of the deformation detected by the two techniques. The variance/covariance description of the output product is also provided. A performance analysis is carried out on realistic simulated scenarios in order to show the boundaries of the technique. The proposed approach is finally applied to real data. Five Sentinel-1A/B stacks acquired over two different areas of interest are processed and discussed. The first example is a merged deformation map of the northern part of the Netherlands for both ascending and descending geometries. The second example shows the deformation at the junction between the North and East Anatolian Fault using three consecutive descending stacks.

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“…However, the provided data are not everywhere in-situ calibrated, as is also the case for the regional service of Tuscany. Similar initiatives are ongoing in other European countries (see e.g., [81,82]).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The Need for a Standardized Methodology for Quantitative Assessment of Natural and Anthropogenic Land Subsidence: The Agosta (Italy) Gas Field Case

Comerci

Vittori

2019

Remote Sensing

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In the last years, the advanced synthetic aperture radar (SAR) interferometry (InSAR) has proven its effectiveness in the assessment of ground gotion with millimetric accuracy. Its integrated use with traditional (in-situ) topographic height determination techniques, such as geometric leveling and Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS), is consolidated in underground fluids extraction areas for detecting and monitoring land subsidence. Nevertheless, the lack of a specific standardized methodology does not allow for evaluating different results obtained from different types of analysis. Starting from the description of two independent estimations of land subsidence in the Agosta (Comacchio, Italy) area, where an environmental impact assessment procedure was carried out following a request for gas exploitation, this paper points out the need for a standardized methodology, focused on the in-situ calibration of InSAR data. This last purpose requires an adequately dense and homogeneous reference GNSS network. The in progress initiatives, at European and national level, aiming at providing a Copernicus Ground Motion service could offer the opportunity to structure a reliable and dedicated GNSS network, starting from the large amount of stations run by different institutions already existing in Italy.

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A Copernicus downstream-service for the nationwide monitoring of surface displacements in Germany

Cited by 66 publications

References 37 publications

Resolving Three-Dimensional Surface Motion with InSAR: Constraints from Multi-Geometry Data Fusion

Resolving Three-Dimensional Surface Motion with InSAR: Constraints from Multi-Geometry Data Fusion

A Covariance-Based Approach to Merging InSAR and GNSS Displacement Rate Measurements

The Need for a Standardized Methodology for Quantitative Assessment of Natural and Anthropogenic Land Subsidence: The Agosta (Italy) Gas Field Case

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