A Cool Approach to Probing Speech Cortex

Flinker, Adeen; Knight, Robert T.

doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2016.02.039

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 12 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…33,62 In contrast, more recent studies using intracranial recordings have found information flow from Broca’s area to AC observed before but not during speech production. 35,63 Similar pre-vocal interaction has also been found in the AC-FC circuits of bats. 64 These findings suggest that Broca’s area interacts with AC specifically in the pre-vocal period, whereas other frontal areas may interact with AC even during vocal production.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

“…What sort of information could this frontal-auditory interaction convey? Although Broca's area has been suggested to play a role in articulatory programming and controlling speech timing 35,36,63 , it is unclear what role activity in marmoset frontal activity plays during vocal production and, therefore, what sort of top-down information might be conveyed. The role of frontal cortex in non-human mammalian vocalization has long been controversial, and it is unclear to what degree it is involved in specific motor control of vocal production.…”

Section: Frontal Cortex Conveys Sensory Prediction Information To Aud...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Frontal-Auditory Cortical Interactions and Sensory Prediction During Vocal Production in Marmoset Monkeys

Tsunada,

Eliades

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The control of speech and vocal production involves the calculation of error between the intended vocal output and the resulting auditory feedback. Consistent with this model, recent evidence has demonstrated that the auditory cortex is suppressed immediately before and during vocal production, yet is still sensitive to differences between vocal output and altered auditory feedback. This suppression has been suggested to be the result of top-down signals containing information about the intended vocal output, potentially originating from motor or other frontal cortical areas. However, whether such frontal areas are the source of suppressive and predictive signaling to the auditory cortex during vocalization is unknown. Here, we simultaneously recorded neural activity from both the auditory and frontal cortices of marmoset monkeys while they produced self-initiated vocalizations. We found increases in neural activity in both brain areas preceding the onset of vocal production, notably changes in both multi-unit activity and local field potential theta-band power. Connectivity analysis using Granger causality demonstrated that frontal cortex sends directed signaling to the auditory cortex during this pre-vocal period. Importantly, this pre-vocal activity predicted both vocalization-induced suppression of the auditory cortex as well as the acoustics of subsequent vocalizations. These results suggest that frontal cortical areas communicate with the auditory cortex preceding vocal production, with frontal-auditory signals that may reflect the transmission of sensory prediction information. This interaction between frontal and auditory cortices may contribute to mechanisms that calculate errors between intended and actual vocal outputs during vocal communication.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 62%

Section: Frontal Cortex Conveys Sensory Prediction Information To Aud...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Frontal-Auditory Cortical Interactions and Sensory Prediction During Vocal Production in Marmoset Monkeys

Tsunada,

Eliades

2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The role of IFG in speech production to date has been unclear. The classical view of Broca that IFG was involved in word generation (Broca, 1861) has been contradicted by more recent studies providing conflicting imaging evidence of phoneme production (Wise et al, 1999), syllables (Indefrey and Levelt, 2004), and syllable to phoneme sequencing and timing (Flinker and Knight, 2016;Flinker et al, 2015;Gelfand and Bookheimer, 2003;Long et al, 2016;Papoutsi et al, 2009). Flinker et al showed that IFG activity was involved in articulatory sequencing (Flinker et al, 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential Representation of Articulatory Gestures and Phonemes in Motor, Premotor, and Inferior Frontal Cortices

Mugler¹,

Tate

Livescu

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1Speech is a critical form of human communication and is central to our daily lives. Yet, despite decades 2 of study, an understanding of the fundamental neural control of speech production remains incomplete. 3Current theories model speech production as a hierarchy from sentences and phrases down to words, 4 syllables, speech sounds (phonemes) and the movements of speech articulator muscles used to produce 5 these sounds (articulatory gestures). Here, we investigate the cortical representation of articulatory 6 gestures and phonemes in speech motor, premotor, and inferior frontal cortices. Our results indicate 7 that primary motor and premotor areas represent gestures to a greater extent than phonemes, while 8 inferior frontal cortex represents both gestures and phonemes. These findings suggest that the cortical 9 control of speech production shares a common representation with that of other types of movement,

show abstract

“…When the analogous brain area in humans is cooled, the duration of spoken words in humans changes . As a consequence, this line of songbird research has brought benefits to epileptic patients by simplifying procedures used to localize speech areas during therapeutic surgery (Flinker and Knight, 2016) .…”

Section: Recordings Of Neural Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Welfare of zebra finches used in research

Yamahachi

Zai

Tachibana

et al. 2017

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Over the past 50 years, songbirds have become a valuable model organism for scientists studying vocal communication from its behavioral, hormonal, neuronal, and genetic perspectives. Many advances in our understanding of vocal learning result from research using the zebra finch, a close-ended vocal learner. We review some of the manipulations used in zebra finch research, such as isolate housing, transient/irreversible impairment of hearing/vocal organs, implantation of small devices for chronic electrophysiology, head fixation for imaging, aversive song conditioning using sound playback, and mounting of miniature backpacks for behavioral monitoring. We highlight the use of these manipulations in scientific research, and estimate their impact on animal welfare, based on the literature and on data from our past and ongoing work. The assessment of harm-benefits tradeoffs is a legal prerequisite for animal research in Switzerland. We conclude that a diverse set of known stressors reliably lead to suppressed singing rate, and that by contraposition, increased singing rate may be a useful indicator of welfare. We hope that our study can contribute to answering some of the most burning questions about zebra finch welfare in research on vocal behaviors. Therefore, the interplay between corticosterone levels during development and long-term consequences of stress needs to be further studied. Skin temperatureA stressor can increase the core body temperature, provoking a decrease of the surface temperature. This phenomenon known as stress-induced hyperthermia could be utilized to measure stress. Indeed, infrared thermography has been used to determine the effect of stressful procedures in birds (Edgar et al., 2013;Herborn et al., 2015;Jerem et al., 2015) . Contrary to the stress snapshot of corticosterone, this non-invasive imaging method might provide longitudinal measurements of stress. Body weightBody weight can be used to assess body condition in birds, especially when multiple measurements are made over the course of a study (Brown, 1996;Dickens et al., 2009bDickens et al., , 2009a .

show abstract

A Cool Approach to Probing Speech Cortex

Abstract: In this issue of Neuron, Long et al. (2016) employ a novel technique of intraoperative cortical cooling in humans during speech production. They demonstrate that cooling Broca’s area interferes with speech timing but not speech quality.

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Frontal-Auditory Cortical Interactions and Sensory Prediction During Vocal Production in Marmoset Monkeys

Frontal-Auditory Cortical Interactions and Sensory Prediction During Vocal Production in Marmoset Monkeys

Differential Representation of Articulatory Gestures and Phonemes in Motor, Premotor, and Inferior Frontal Cortices

Welfare of zebra finches used in research

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About