“…Renowned for their expressiveness and generality, artificial neural networks have become a standard part of nonlinear modeling with widespread use throughout areas as varied as medical [66][67][68] , hyperspectral 69 , and general 70 image classification, regression 71,72 , sentence modeling 73 , social media bot detection 74,75 , and hurricane trajectory and intensity modeling 76,77 . On the dynamical systems front, neural networks have been utilized for the accurate approximation of functions and their derivatives 78 , system approximation 79 , identification and control 36 , and modeling 38 .…”