A controlled trial of the effect of calcium supplementation on bone density in postmenopausal women

Dawson‐Hughes, Bess; Dallal, Gerald E.; Krall, Elizabeth A.; Sadowski, Laura; Sahyoun, Nadine R.; Tannenbaum, Saul

doi:10.1016/0020-7292(91)90314-u

Cited by 114 publications

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“…As the protein intake in Chinese vegetarian were extremely low, bone loss may be excessive, hence resulting in lower BMD. The results of meta-analysis (Cumming, 1990) and recent clinical trials (Dawson Hughes et al, 1990;Prince et al, 1991) demonstrated that a high dietary calcium in take has a positive effect on bone mass. Although the exact threshold of calcium intake required is uncertain, calcium supplementation has been found to be effective in populations whose dietary calcium intake are below 400 mg (Dawson-Hughes et al, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The results of meta-analysis (Cumming, 1990) and recent clinical trials (Dawson Hughes et al, 1990;Prince et al, 1991) demonstrated that a high dietary calcium in take has a positive effect on bone mass. Although the exact threshold of calcium intake required is uncertain, calcium supplementation has been found to be effective in populations whose dietary calcium intake are below 400 mg (Dawson-Hughes et al, 1990). We have previously demonstrated that a low dietary calcium intake was associated with increased risk of both hip fracture (Lau et al, 1988) and vertebral fracture (Chan et al, 1996) in elderly Chinese women.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bone mineral density in Chinese elderly female vegetarians, vegans, lacto-vegetarians and omnivores

et al. 1998

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Objectives: To compare the bone mineral density and dietary intake of elderly Chinese vegetarian women with omnivores, to compare the bone mineral density of Chinese`vegans' and`lactovegetarians', and to study the relationship between nutrient intake and BMD in vegetarians. Design: A cross-sectional survey. Setting and subjects: A community-based study. The vegetarian women (aged 70±89 y) (n 76) were noninstitutionalized subjects. All of them were Buddhists. Their bone mineral density were compared to normal elderly volunteers (aged 70±89 y) (n 109) who were recruited to establish normal BMD ranges. Their dietary intake was compared to omnivorous subjects from a previous dietary survey (n 250). Methods: Dietary assessment was by the 24 h recall method, and bone mineral density was measured by dual-Xray-densitometry. The analysis of co-variance was used to compare the BMD between vegetarians and omnivores, with adjustment for potential confounders. The BMD in`vegans' and`lactovegetarians' were compared by similar methods. The t-test was used to compare dietary intake between omnivores and vegetarians. The relationship between nutrient intake and BMD was studied by correlation and multiple regression. Results: The dietary calorie, protein and fat intake were much lower, but the sodiumacreatinine ratio was much higher in vegetarians than omnivores. The BMD at the spine was similar between vegetarians and omnivores. However, the BMD at the hip was signi®cantly lower in vegetarians at some sites (P`0.05). There was no signi®cant difference in BMD between`vegans' and`lactovegetarians'. BMD in vegetarians appeared to be positively correlated with energy, protein and calcium intake; and negatively associated with urinary sodiuma creatinine levels. Conclusions: There is a relationship between diet and BMD. The BMD at the hip was lower in vegetarians than omnivores, but no difference was observed between`vegans' and`lactovegetarians'. There is a complex relationship between the intake of various nutrient and BMD in vegetarians.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bone mineral density in Chinese elderly female vegetarians, vegans, lacto-vegetarians and omnivores

et al. 1998

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“…Patients from 30 years old until the menopause should receive 1000 mg\day.## It has been shown that for post-menopausal females, each 400 mg\day increase in dietary calcium was associated with a 1.1 % increase in distal radius bone mass.#$ Others have also shown the beneficial effects of calcium supplementation in post-menopausal females.#% -#' In general, a consensus is emerging, including that reported in a meta-analysis of calcium supplementation studies, that calcium supplementation is important.#( It has been shown that increasing dietary calcium positively affected vertebral bone mass in 25-35-year-old females, and that calcium intake during early adulthood affects premenopausal bone density.#) -$! In 11 patients with IBD (eight of whom were using corticosteroids) it has been shown that after 1 year total body calcium measurements were decreased by 6.5 %.$" In 13 corticosteroidtreated patients there was a suggestion that an additional 1 g\day of elemental calcium over 2 months might be beneficial to bones since it increased urinary hydroxyproline levels.$# One group of investigators suggested that vitamin D supplementation should be considered in IBD since there was a high prevalence of decreased bone density in patients with Crohn's disease and low serum 25 This study failed to show a benefit of calcium supplementation with large enough doses to bring patients well into the high range of daily requirements and greater, over a 1-year period, on spinal, hip, or Ward's triangle bone density in corticosteroid-using males and premenopausal females with long-standing disease. Furthermore, no significant correlation was found between bone density and the entire groups' oral calcium intake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of calcium supplementation for decreased bone density in corticosteroid‐using patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study

Bernstein

Seeger

Anton

et al. 1996

Aliment Pharmacol Ther

142

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SUMMARYBackground : Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a high prevalence of osteoporosis. A number of studies have found that corticosteroid use is associated with the development of osteoporosis in these patients. Calcium supplementation may be of benefit in corticosteroid-induced osteoporosis and calcium may be a nutrient that patients with IBD lack. Aim : To test the benefit of calcium supplementation on bone density in a pilot study over a 1-year period, in a group of corticosteroid-using patients with IBD, in a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled treatment study. Methods : Corticosteroid-using patients with IBD including males over the age of 18 years and premenopausal females, were randomized to receive either calcium carbonate 1000 mg plus vitamin D 250 IU (Oscal) or an identically matched placebo. Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry measurements of bone density were obtained at entry and at 1 year. At entry, and every 3 months thereafter, serum was collected for the measurement of haemoglobin, biochemistry and bone hormones. Simultaneously a 24-h urine collection was analysed for calcium excretion and creatinine clearance, and a 4-day food record was collected to document dietary calcium and vitamin D ingestion.

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“…The effect of nutritional supplements such as calcium on postmenopausal bone loss has also been explored (Aloia et al, 1994;Dawson-Hughes et al, 1990;Reid et al, 1993). However, few studies have measured the use of CAMs in association with symptoms in a population-based sample of menopausal women, specifically types and prevalence of use.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The use of complementary and alternative medications by menopausal women in South East Queensland

Gollschewski

Anderson

Skerman

et al. 2004

Women’s Health Issues

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This study aimed to identify the prevalence and types of complementary and alternative medications (CAMs) used by women during menopause and explore potential associations between CAM use and menopausal symptoms. Analysis was undertaken with 886 randomly selected menopausal women aged 47-67 years who participated in a postal questionnaire on the menopause experience. The prevalence of CAM use was relatively high (82.5%), with nutrition most commonly cited (67%), followed by phytoestrogens (56%), herbal therapies (41%), and CAM medications (25%). Multivariate analysis adjusted for confounders revealed that women who consumed CAM medications were 17-23% more likely to report anxiety (p _ .019) or vasomotor symptoms (p _ .013). Women who used herbal therapies (p _ .009) or phytoestrogens (p _ .030) were 13-16% more likely to experience vasomotor symptoms. Women who used nutrition were 18% more likely to experience anxiety (p _ .049). These results highlight the importance for health professionals to incorporate CAMs into their practice to better inform menopausal women of their treatment choices.

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A controlled trial of the effect of calcium supplementation on bone density in postmenopausal women

Cited by 114 publications

References 0 publications

Bone mineral density in Chinese elderly female vegetarians, vegans, lacto-vegetarians and omnivores

Bone mineral density in Chinese elderly female vegetarians, vegans, lacto-vegetarians and omnivores

A randomized, placebo‐controlled trial of calcium supplementation for decreased bone density in corticosteroid‐using patients with inflammatory bowel disease: a pilot study

The use of complementary and alternative medications by menopausal women in South East Queensland

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