A Controlled Trial of Povidone–Iodine as Prophylaxis against Ophthalmia Neonatorum

Isenberg, Sherwin J.; Apt, Leonard; Wood, Mark A.

doi:10.1056/nejm199503023320903

Cited by 179 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In evaluating the test results and in light of the status of knowledge on PVP-I, the following new application fields can be seen for iodophors: the prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum, already empirically successful in Kenya [27], the antisepsis of nasal cavities, especially with MRSA colonization, and the antisepsis of joints.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Aspects of the Tolerance of the Antiseptic Povidone-Iodine in Different ex vivo Models

Krämer¹,

Below²,

Behrens–Baumann³

et al. 2002

Dermatology

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Investigating new possibilities for the application of 1% (v/v) iodophors, povidone-iodine (PVP-I) was better tolerated in the HET-CAM or explant test than 1% (w/v) silver nitrate or tetracycline. After application to the eye, at least 2.6% of used iodine were adsorbed. Therefore PVP-I is more effective than silver nitrate or erythromycin, meaning a possible alternative for the prevention of ophthalmia neonatorum. PVP-I is more active against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in a human ex vivo skin model, which results in a complete eradication of S. aureus in the nasal cavity of volunteers after 2 daily applications and will be better tolerated by human nasal cilial epithelium than chlorhexidine. Having the same clinical tolerance as mupirocin, PVP-I is a useful alternative for the antiseptic therapy of germ carriers of MRSA. The synthesis of proteoglycans in articular cartilage of bovine sesamoid bones was increased after application of 5% (v/v) PVP-I without any increase in catabolism revealing possibilities for the use as irrigation solution in the joint.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Aspects of the Tolerance of the Antiseptic Povidone-Iodine in Different ex vivo Models

Krämer¹,

Below²,

Behrens–Baumann³

et al. 2002

Dermatology

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show abstract

“…A 2.5% povidone-iodine solution was recently reported to be effective and safe for neonatal eye prophylaxis. 12 Povidone-iodine has a number of advantages over currently used prophylactic agents as it has broad antibacterial and antiviral activity, is cheap and relatively non-toxic. 12,13 The routine use of a 2.5% povidone-iodine solution for neonatal eye prophylaxis to protect the infant against a wide range of organisms including C. trachomatis should be considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chlamydia trachomatislower respiratory tract infection in infants

Zar

Dyk

Yeats

et al. 1999

Annals of Tropical Paediatrics

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Chlamydia trachomatis may be an important cause of lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in infants born to mothers amongst whom there is a high prevalence of sexually transmitted disease. A study of 100 ambulatory infants with signs of LRTI in South Africa showed that 6% had C. trachomatis infection. The majority of the infected infants had received chloramphenicol eye ointment as prophylaxis. Half had previously visited a health facility for the same illness but the infection has been misdiagnosed. Infants with C. trachomatis infection were According to the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) guidelines, 85% were younger than uninfected infants (mean (SD) age of 3.8 weeks (3.2) vs 8.7 weeks (5.4); p=0.03). Clinical signs significantly associated with chlamydial infection were the presence of eye discharge (p = 0.02) or conjunctivitis (p = 0.01). There was a greater rate of rhinorrhoea (p = 0.06) and wheeze (p = 0.03) amongst patients without chlamydial infection. H. influenzae, M. catarrhalis, S. pneumoniae, S. aureus and N. gonorrhoeae were cultured from five different patients infected with chlamydia. The majority of infants with chlamydial infection had mild disease requiring only outpatient anti- biotic therapy.

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“…It has been shown to be effective against a wide range of pathogens including N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, and HSV [36]. While it is proven to be effective and inexpensive, it is associated with higher rates of chemical conjunctivitis.…”

Section: Prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Povidone-iodine offers an alternative for prophylaxis in the developing world due to its low cost and wide availability [36]. It has been shown to be effective against a wide range of pathogens including N. gonorrhoeae, C. trachomatis, and HSV [36].…”

Section: Prophylaxismentioning

confidence: 99%

An Update on Neonatal and Pediatric Conjunctivitis

Andalibi

Haidara

Bor

et al. 2015

Curr Ophthalmol Rep

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Conjunctivitis is among the most common ophthalmic conditions found in neonatal and pediatric patients. It has a wide range of clinical presentations and outcomes, ranging from self-limiting hyperemia to blindness and life-threatening systemic illness. This review explores the epidemiology, etiology, and diagnosis of conjunctivitis in the neonatal and pediatric population. In addition, it explores recent trends in transmission across different populations and evidence-based approaches that clinicians may use in treating neonatal and pediatric conjunctivitis.

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A Controlled Trial of Povidone–Iodine as Prophylaxis against Ophthalmia Neonatorum

Abstract: A 2.5 percent ophthalmic solution of povidone-iodine as prophylaxis against ophthalmia neonatorum is more effective than treatment with silver nitrate or erythromycin, and it is less toxic and costs less.

Cited by 179 publications

References 32 publications

New Aspects of the Tolerance of the Antiseptic Povidone-Iodine in Different ex vivo Models

New Aspects of the Tolerance of the Antiseptic Povidone-Iodine in Different ex vivo Models

Chlamydia trachomatislower respiratory tract infection in infants

An Update on Neonatal and Pediatric Conjunctivitis

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