A controlled trial of fluoxetine in crack cocaine dependence

Batki, Steven L.; Washburn, Allyson; Delucchi, Kevin; Jones, Reese T.

doi:10.1016/0376-8716(96)01233-1

Cited by 102 publications

(57 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…The findings that chronic fluoxetine treatment decreases cocaine-seeking behavior in rats and cocaine craving in humans (Batki et al 1993;Schmitz et al 1998) support the predictive validity of the extinction/reinstatement model as a screen for anti-craving properties of drugs (see also Fuchs et al 1998). It is important to note, however, that not all clinical studies report a decrease in cocaine use following fluoxetine treatment (Covi et al 1995;Grabowski et al 1995;Batki et al 1996). Discrepancies among studies may be due to individual differences in sensitivity to the anti-craving effects of fluoxetine.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

“…Clinical trials examining the efficacy of chronic administration of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, on cocaine use have obtained both positive (Batki et al 1993;Schmitz et al 1998) and negative findings (Covi et al 1995;Grabowski et al 1995;Batki et al 1996). In fact, Grabowski et al (1995) observed a slight increase in cocaine use in subjects receiving fluoxetine, although these effects were not significant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

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Influence of individual differences and chronic fluoxetine treatment on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats

et al. 2001

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 71%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Influence of individual differences and chronic fluoxetine treatment on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats

et al. 2001

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“…In single-blind studies, chronic treatment with the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor, fluoxetine, was found to reduce self-reported cocaine use and craving (Pollack and Rosenbaum 1991;Batki et al 1993); however, these effects were not replicated in doubleblind studies (Grabowski et al 1995;Batki et al 1996). In addition, Buydens-Branchey et al (1998) observed that the 5-HT reuptake inhibitor/releaser fenfluramine reduced cocaine craving in dependent individuals in a doubleblind study.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Effects of fluoxetine and d-fenfluramine on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats

2003

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“…Therapeutic effects of antidepressants in cocainedependent patients have been examined in several trials, with mostly disappointing results. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Nevertheless, compelling reasons exist to consider such agents. Although cocaine is a potent dopamine reuptake blocker, longterm use is associated with down-regulation of dopaminergic systems.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Six-Month Trial of Bupropion With Contingency Management for Cocaine Dependence in a Methadone-Maintained Population

Poling¹,

Oliveto²,

Petry³

et al. 2006

Arch Gen Psychiatry

155

142

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Context:No effective pharmacotherapies exist for cocaine dependence, although contingency management (CM) has demonstrated efficacy.Objective: To compare the efficacy of bupropion hydrochloride and CM for reducing cocaine use in methadone hydrochloride-maintained individuals.Design: This 25-week, placebo-controlled, doubleblind trial randomly assigned participants to 1 of 4 treatment conditions: CM and placebo (CMP), CM and 300 mg/d of bupropion hydrochloride (CMB), voucher control and placebo (VCP), or voucher control and bupropion (VCB).Setting: Outpatient clinic at the Veterans Affairs Connecticut Healthcare System. Participants: A total of 106 opiate-dependent, cocaineabusing individuals.Interventions: All study participants received methadone hydrochloride (range, 60-120 mg). Participants receiving bupropion hydrochloride were given 300 mg/d beginning at week 3. In the CM conditions, each urine sample negative for both opioids and cocaine resulted in a monetary-based voucher that increased for consecutively drug-free urine samples during weeks 1 to 13. Completion of abstinence-related activities also resulted in a voucher. During weeks 14 to 25, only completion of activities was reinforced in the CM group, regardless of sample results. The voucher control groups received vouchers for submitting urine samples, regardless of results, throughout the study.Main Outcome Measure: Thrice-weekly urine toxicologic test results for cocaine and heroin.Results: Groups did not differ in baseline characteristics or retention rates. Opiate use decreased significantly, with all treatment groups attaining equivalent amounts of opiate use at the end of the study. In the CMB group, the proportion of cocaine-positive samples significantly decreased during weeks 3 to 13 (PϽ.001) relative to week 3 and remained low during weeks 14 to 25. In the CMP group, cocaine use significantly increased during weeks 3 to 13 (PϽ.001) relative to week 3, but then cocaine use significantly decreased relative to the initial slope during weeks 14 to 25 (PϽ.001). In contrast, by treatment end, the VCB and VCP groups showed no significant improvement in cocaine use. Conclusion:These findings suggest that combining CM with bupropion for the treatment of cocaine addiction may significantly improve outcomes relative to bupropion alone.

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A controlled trial of fluoxetine in crack cocaine dependence

Cited by 102 publications

References 17 publications

Influence of individual differences and chronic fluoxetine treatment on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats

Influence of individual differences and chronic fluoxetine treatment on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats

Effects of fluoxetine and d-fenfluramine on cocaine-seeking behavior in rats

Six-Month Trial of Bupropion With Contingency Management for Cocaine Dependence in a Methadone-Maintained Population

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