Objective-To estimate the prevalence and determinants of cigarette smoking cessation treatment in U.S. outpatient substance abuse treatment (OSAT) units. Results-Of OSAT programs in the U.S., 41% offer smoking cessation counseling or pharmacotherapy; 38% offer individual/group counseling and 17% provide quit-smoking medication. In multivariate models, hospital affiliation, service breadth, the priority given to physical health, availability of medication to treat addictive problems, assessment of cigarette smoking, and greater perception of the proportion of patients that smoke were associated with delivery of smoking cessation services. Program size and medical staffing also influenced availability of quit-smoking medication.
Methods-ProgramConclusions-Of U.S. OSAT programs, two-in-five offer behavioral treatment for smoking cessation, but fewer than one in five provide access to pharmacotherapy. Substance abuse treatment programs that are medically-oriented, provide more comprehensive services, and recognize the burden of tobacco smoking among their patients are more likely to deliver evidencebased smoking cessation services.