A Controlled Release Aptasensor Utilizing AIE-Active MOFs as High-Efficiency ECL Nanoprobe for the Sensitive Detection of Adenosine Triphosphate

Abstract

Improving the sensitivity in electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection systems necessitates the integration of robust ECL luminophores and efficient signal transduction. In this study, we report a novel ECL nanoprobe (Zr-MOF) that exhibits strong and stable emission by incorporating aggregationinduced emission ligands into Zr-based metal−organic frameworks (MOFs). Meanwhile, we designed a high-performance signal modulator through the implementation of a well-designed controlled release system with a self-on/off function. ZnS quantum dots (QDs) encapsulated within the cavities of aminated mesoporous silica nanoparticles (NH 2 −SiO 2 ) serve as the ECL quenchers, while adenosine triphosphate (ATP) aptamers adsorbed on the surface of NH 2 −SiO 2 through electrostatic interaction act as "gatekeepers." Based on the targettriggered ECL resonance energy transfer between Zr-MOF and ZnS QDs, we establish a coreactant-free ECL aptasensor for the sensitive detection of ATP, achieving an impressive low detection limit of 0.033 nM. This study not only demonstrates the successful combination of ECL with controlled release strategies but also opens new avenues for developing highly efficient MOFs-based ECL systems.

Potential-Resolved Ratiometric Aptasensor for Sensitive Acetamiprid Analysis Based on Coreactant-free Electrochemiluminescence Luminophores of Gd-MOF and “Light Switch” Molecule of [Ru(bpy)2dppz]2+

“…Additionally, the anodic ECL signal increases monotonically accompanied by the increasing pH value from 5.6 to 9.0 (Figure S3a). Based on the above discussion and previous reports, − we can propose the possible ECL reaction mechanism for the developed ratiometric ECL system, which is described in Figure e and elaborated by eqs –.…”

Electrochemiluminescence of Ultrasmall Silica Nanoparticles from Size Modulation and Multipath Surface State Adjustment for Ultrasensitive HIV-DNA Fragment Detection

“…Conventional silica nanoparticles (c-SiO 2 NPs, almost 100 nm–1 μm) had been widely applied in the fields of biomedicine, photonics, and catalyst due to their thermal and chemical stability, biocompatibility, and surface tailorability. − In ECL, c-SiO 2 NPs could serve as popular functional materials for immobilizing luminophores, such as SiO 2 -coated CdTe nanoparticles and Ru­(bpy) 3 2+ core–shell silica nanoparticles, since they could be easily doped or functionalized at surfaces. − However, the ECL phenomenon was absent in the c-SiO 2 NPs themselves. Inspired by the advantages of the aforementioned ultrasmall NPs, ultrasmall SiO 2 NPs (u-SiO 2 NPs) prepared by modulating the synthesis of c-SiO 2 may exhibit an obvious ECL phenomenon.…”

Multiquenching-Based Aggregation-Induced Electrochemiluminescence Sensing for Highly Sensitive Detection of the SARS-CoV-2 N Protein

“…Aggregation-induced ECL (AIECL), the combination of ECL and AIE, has gained considerable attention in wide research fields . The most simple way for AIECL luminophore preparation is the immobilization or encapsulation of AIE active groups into different substrates with regular and tightly arranged structures, such as the SiO 2 nanostructure and metal–organic frameworks (MOFs). , Gu synthesized an ECL nanoprobe that exhibited strong and stable emission by incorporating AIE ligands into Zr-based MOFs, which achieved the sensitive detection of adenosine triphosphate . Xiao constructed an ECL sensor based on the encapsulation of AIE molecules in a two-dimensional MOF, which was used for the ultrasensitive detection of the carcinoembryonic antigen .…”