A controlled field trial of group versus individual cognitive‐behavioural training for relapse prevention

Abstract

Results are presented of a randomized field trial comparing two aftercare regimes, namely individual versus group delivery of a structured relapse prevention approach. Two addictions treatment programs (one a 12-Step 26-day residential program, the other an evening group counselling program) implemented structured relapse prevention in either group or individual format as part of the first three months of aftercare. Process measures (e.g. attendance, client satisfaction) indicated that both group and individual formats were delivered very successfully at both sites. Follow-up rate at 12 months across both programs was 74%, and drinking and drug use at the 12-month follow-up was substantially less than use at entry into treatment. However, there were no significant differences in outcomes between individual and group delivery on any of the alcohol or drug use measures. Only one psychosocial outcome measure (social support from friends at 12-month follow-up) showed a significant difference for format and it favored the group format. These findings suggest some important directions for future research.

How effective is continuing care for substance use disorders? A meta-analytic review

“…Finally, two of the identified continuing care studies did not fit into any of the above analyses (Graham, Annis, Brett, & Venesoen, 1996; Schmitz et al, 1997). Both studies compared individual to group administration of CBT continuing care.…”

Clinical trials of behavioural interventions with heterogeneous teaching subgroup effects

“…Behaviour modiÿcation is integral to interventions in diverse areas such as weight reduction [1], chronic disease [2], smoking cessation [3], alcohol [4] and illicit drug [5] use, sexually transmitted disease [6] and anger management [7]. Behaviour modiÿcation programmes are often delivered to teaching subgroups of unrelated persons [1][2][3][4][5][6][7].…”

Community Reinforcement and Family Training: A pilot comparison of group and self-directed delivery

“…Studies comparing the efficacy of group therapy to individual therapy for the treatment of SUDs have found that both treatment modalities yield similar outcomes (e.g., Graham, Annis, Brett, & Venesoen, 1996; Marques & Formigoni, 2001; Miller & Taylor, 1980; Schmitz, Bordnick, Kearney, Fuller, & Breckenridge, 1997). It is plausible that group CRAFT may provide a low-cost and feasible alternative to individual treatment while maintaining positive outcomes for concerned family members and their loved one.…”