A Controlled Experiment on the Use of Court Probation for Drunk Arrests

Ditman, Keith S.; Crawford, George G.; Forgy, Edward W.; Moskowitz, Herbert; MacAndrew, Craig

doi:10.1176/ajp.124.2.160

Cited by 96 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…These findings agree with existing evidence suggesting a role for 12-step involvement in recovery (Bond et al, 2003;Emrick et al, 1993;Humphreys et al, 1999;Kaskutas et al, 2002;McIntire, 2000;Tonigan, J.S., 2001;Tonigan, J. Scott et al, 2003;Tonigan, J.S. et al, 1996) and with evidence suggesting stronger relationships between better treatment outcomes and voluntary (vs. coerced) 12-step participation (Brandsma, Maultsby, & Welsh, 1980;Ditman, Crawford, Forgy, Moskowitz, & MacAndrew, 1967;Kownacki & Shadish, 1999;Walsh et al, 1991). The findings may also illustrate the well-established relationship between freedom of choice to perform a counterattitudinal behavior and attitude change toward that behavior (e.g., Brock, 1962;Brock & Buss, 1962;Holmes & Strickland, 1970).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Services received and treatment outcomes in day-hospital and residential programs

Zemore

Kaskutas

2008

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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This longitudinal health services study (N=733) 1) examines the impact of services received on 6-month outcomes and 2) compares day hospital to residential programs on services received. Services were measured at 2, 4, and 8 weeks post-baseline using a version of the Treatment Services Review (TSR). Higher odds of total sobriety at 6 months were associated with greater participation in a) extracurricular (but not curricular) 12-step meetings, b) sober recreational events, and c) educational sessions. Program effects also emerged. Unexpectedly, extracurricular 12-step meeting attendance and odds of having a sponsor were lower among residential (vs. day hospital) participants through 4 weeks-despite higher participation in curricular 12-step meetings among residential participants at 2 weeks. Still, residential participants reported higher involvement in sober recreation and informal peer socialization across most analyses. Findings suggest that residential and day hospital programs might maximize outcomes by facilitating optional 12-step involvement and sober recreation, respectively.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

Services received and treatment outcomes in day-hospital and residential programs

Zemore

Kaskutas

2008

Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment

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“…However, Nichols et al (1978:197) also observed that there was a &dquo;tendency of poorly controlled studies to report more optimistic results than better controlled studies.&dquo; This casts doubt on the validity of the reports of ASAP program success. Reis (1982) has reported reductions in recidivism due to certain rehabilitation programs, but many other studies (e.g., Clay, 1977;Ditman et al, 1967;Ross and Blumenthal, 1974) have not. Evaluations of correctional rehabilitation programs in general have produced similar conclusions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rehabilitative Sanctions for Drunk Driving: an Experimental Evaluation

Holden

1983

Journal of Research in Crime and Delinquency

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Under the Tennessee DWI Probation Follow-up Demonstration Project, 4,126 persons arrested for drunk driving (DWI) in Memphis were classified as either social or problem driners and were randomly assigned to one of the following treatments: control, probation supervision, education/therapy, or supervision plus education/therapy. Each client was followed up for at least two years after referral to the project. It was concluded that the treatment programs were not effective in reducing rearrests for DWI or for other misdemeanors and felonies. Arguments can be made that the treatment programs were inapproppriate for many of the project's clients. However, strong arguments can also be made that any such experiments, regardless of the treatments tested, are unlikely to produce significant treatment effects because of other aspects of the sanctioning process.

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“…One study, for example, found that clients who were assigned at random to attend AA improved less than those receiving formal treatment (W alsh et al, 1991). In two previous studies of drunk drivers, m andated AA attendance was found to yield no better outcom es than court sanctions alone (Brandsm a et al, 1980;Ditman et al, 1967). A conclusion that AA attendance can simply be substituted for treatm ent is therefore unwarranted.…”

Section: Ain Effects: Differences Between Treatm Ent M Ethodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Matching patients with alcohol disorders to treatments: Clinical implications from Project MATCH

Allen

Anton

Babor

et al. 1998

Journal of Mental Health

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Project M AT CH, a large m ulti-site clinical trial, tested the m atching hypothesis that alcoholism treatm ent outcomes can be im proved by matching subgroups of patients to treatments. Three psychosocial treatments (Twelve-Step Facilitation Therapy (TSF); Motivational Enhancement Therapy (M ET); and Cognitive Behavioral T herapy (CBT )) were tested for potential to m atch to a set of over 20 client attributes. Detailed findings have been reported in previous publications. The purpose of this article is to discuss the clinical relevance of the results. (1) M atching. Four client characteristics produced statistically significant m atches which differed in magnitude of effect and time course: psychiatric severity, anger and support for drinking in out-patients and alcohol dependence in aftercare patients. These four m atches represent reasonable starting points for the planning of treatm ent in settings where the indicated therapy is available. Apart from these few client attributes, m atching as an overall treatment strategy did not substantially enhance outcomes. (2) Overall outcomes. The three treatments had favorable (and similar) effects upon drinking and related outcom e m easures. The treatment effects endured over tim e periods from 12 m onths to 3 years. TSF abstinence results were as favorable as those for other well-tested approaches, and the MET findings add to accumulating evidence in support of brief interventions. (3) Compliance to therapy . Efforts to attain good com pliance were successful, patient satisfaction ratings were positive, and high com pliance was associated with better outcom e. These results suggest that the three Project MATCH treatm ents are appropriate for use with a wide range of alcoholics. Achievem ent of satisfactory therapy attendance with this population of heavy drinkers appears feasible. The strategies used in Project M ATCH to enhance compliance are described in m anuals available to practitioners and researchers. (4) Therapist training. Over 80 therapists from diverse backgrounds received careful training and supervision using structured therapist m anuals and were able to implement these treatments successfully and with fidelity. M anuals describing the three treatments also are available.

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A Controlled Experiment on the Use of Court Probation for Drunk Arrests

Cited by 96 publications

References 2 publications

Services received and treatment outcomes in day-hospital and residential programs

Services received and treatment outcomes in day-hospital and residential programs

Rehabilitative Sanctions for Drunk Driving: an Experimental Evaluation

Matching patients with alcohol disorders to treatments: Clinical implications from Project MATCH

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