A control oriented comprehensive degradation model for battery energy storage system life prediction

Enabling Ultrathick Electrodes via a Microcasting Process for High Energy and Power Density Lithium‐Ion Batteries

“…The relevant equations of electrochemical behavior were reported in the previous papers. [20,33,36] In order to evaluate the stress generation in the electrodes, a model using the electrochemical-mechanical interaction at macro-and microscales was developed. The microscale stress model considered the stress generated inside the particle induced by Li + ion concentration changes and the macroscale stress model considered the stress generated across the entire electrode structure caused by the volume change of individual particles.…”

“…[15,16] Different thick electrodes (600 µm) have been developed using higher amounts of nonconductive and nonactive materials to withstand the architecture, which can enhance the areal capacity by sacrificing 70-90% of their specific capacity due to poor contact between the active materials and long Li + ion diffusion path. [9,15,18,[29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] While many additive manufacturing techniques have been applied in the fabrication of 3D battery structures, the majority of these works are focused on developing microbatteries and few works consider the impact of the processing on active particle percolation and the resulting pore structure. Furthermore, traditional 3D printing-based battery manufacturing technologies face efficiency challenges related to their time-consuming, complicated, and costly fabrication process.…”