A contribution to the serological classification of the bile‐soluble diplococci

Mair, W.

doi:10.1002/path.1700210302

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…Whole bile was not used in the present investigation because in preliminary trials it gave a cloudiness in broth cultures which completely masked any solvent action it may have exerted. Instead sodium desoxycholate was used, a salt recommended by Mair (1917) on account of its solvent power, which he found to be ten times as great as sodium taurocholate or whole bile. It forms a perfectly clear, colourless solution in distilled water and causes no cloudiness on addition to a broth culture, provided the reaction of the broth is correctly adjusted.…”

Section: Identification Of Pneu?nococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some difficulty was experienced in procuring a pure salt, one commercial sample failing to give a clear solution in distilled water and another causing cloudiness in broth. Mair (1917) advises purification by recrystallisation and washing with glacial acetic acid, and this method has been successfully employed. The sample actually used in the present work was one very kindly provided by Dr Mair himself from the National Institute of Medical Research, Hampstead.…”

Section: Identification Of Pneu?nococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As both Mair (1916), and later Glynn (1923) have pointed out, a certain number of organisms exhibit a partial solubility and are therefore classed as borderline strains, while others are soluble at one time but not at another. Further, some bile-insoluble strains are agglutinated by pneumococcal type sera, as occurred with 2377 and P. 707 (Table IV) both of which were readily agglutinated by Type III pneumococcal serum.…”

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On the Identification of Pneumococci and the Tests employed for distinguishing them from Streptococci

Whittle

1928

J. Hyg.

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The difficulties encountered in distinguishing pneumococci from streptococci, particularly S. salivarius, have been enumerated and the morphological and cultural similarities between the two groups of organisms have been pointed out. If bile-solubility is taken as the distinguishing mark of a pneumo-coccus it will be found that there are a large number of bile-insoluble streptococci commonly met with in the respiratory tract and sometimes playing an important part in disease, which bear very strong resemblances to pneumococci both in shape, colony, and broth culture. The similarities are specially confusing in mixed cultures on agar plates and a number of the routine tests applied quite failed to distinguish them. There naturally follows the corollary that some of these tests fall wide of the mark, and they should therefore be left out of the bacteriologist's armamentarium when the identification of pneumococci is under consideration. Morphological and cultural properties are insufficient guides to species, while the same is true of the widely recommended tests of inulin fermentation and capsule formation. Not only do some pneumococci fail to ferment inulin, but so many strains of S. salivarius show active inulin fermentation that, in the present series of organisms taken at random, the incidence of inulin fermenters amongst S. salivarius is actually higher than amongst pneumococci. Capsules were found in all the strains of streptococci in which they were sought and in all the pneumococci investigated, so that encapsulation may be regarded as a property common to members of both species.

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Section: Identification Of Pneu?nococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Identification Of Pneu?nococcimentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Identification of Pneumococci and the Tests employed for distinguishing them from Streptococci

Whittle

1928

J. Hyg.

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On the Bacterial Flora of Diphtheria Carriers, Diphtheria Patients, and Normal School Children

Harvey¹

1928

J. Hyg.

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During a recent investigation on the carrier problem as it occurs in diphtheria, which was carried out (under the auspices of the Scientific Advisory Committee of the Metropolitan Asylums Board) at the Northern Group Laboratory, North-Eastern Hospital, one of the first subjects considered was that of the bacterial flora of the carriers under examination, and of an adequate series of controls. It was suggested that possibly the flora of the carriers might differ (apart altogether from the presence of the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus) from that found in non-carrier persons of the same age. It was thought that some pathogenic organism might be found to be constantly present in the nose or throat flora of carriers and not in controls, and that this might be exerting an influence on the Klebs-Loeffler bacillus by allowing it to survive in the infected region for prolonged periods. If such were the case it was hoped that an elimination of the organism or organisms concerned would go a long way towards clearing up the carrier condition.

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Mechanism of the Desoxycholate‐citrate Medium for the Isolation of Dysentery Bacilli

Osono¹

1958

Japanese Journal of Microbiology

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In the preceding paper(1), the author described the selection mechanism played by desoxycholate for the isolation of dysentery organis. When colon and dysentery bacilli were suspended in a liquid medium which contained desoxycholate and citrate and were incubated at 37°C for a few hours, a marked difference was found between number of surviving colon bacilli and dysentery organisms. The number of viable coli decreased to one-tenth or to one-twentieth of the initial cell count, but that of dysentery bacilli decreased only to one half of the initial count. The oxygen consumption of the cell suspensions was also suppressed proportionately to the cell count. In accord with these observations it was noted that the stainability of the incubated cells with nucleic acid staining, basic dyes such as methyl green or thionine dyes decreased far more in the case of coli than in dysentery bacilli, and that nucleic acids were actually released into the medium in which the cells were incubated. From these findings, the mechanism of bacterial selection observed with desoxycholate is considered, at least in its principal features, to depend on its nucleic acid-extracting action and . the resulting bactericidal effect of desoxycholate, and on the difference of these effects among species and strains of enteric bacteria.In the present paper the author reports studies on the chemical determination of nucleic acids released into the medium. Some features on the extracting action of desoxycholate and related substances, and the relation of this bile salt action to bacterial activity are discussed in connection with their possible contribution to the selective effect. MATERIALS AND METHODSStrains used. The strains described in the previous papers(1, 2) were used also for the present studies.Media. An improved synthetic medium was used. It consisted of (except otherwise indicated, expressed in terms of M/l) : L-sodium glutamate, 0.01 ; L-aspartic acid, 0.005 ; I,-cystine, 0.0005 ; DL-tryptophan, 0.001 (0.0005 as Lisomer) ; DL-methionine, 0.001 (0.0005 as L-isomer) ; DL-isoleucine, 0.001 (0.0005

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A contribution to the serological classification of the bile‐soluble diplococci

Cited by 4 publications

References 6 publications

On the Identification of Pneumococci and the Tests employed for distinguishing them from Streptococci

On the Identification of Pneumococci and the Tests employed for distinguishing them from Streptococci

On the Bacterial Flora of Diphtheria Carriers, Diphtheria Patients, and Normal School Children

Mechanism of the Desoxycholate‐citrate Medium for the Isolation of Dysentery Bacilli

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