A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella Californica (Moulton)

Bailey, Stanley F.

doi:10.1093/jee/26.4.836

Cited by 10 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Species such as F. occidentalis can cause severe retardation of plant growth, destruction of buds and flowers, malformation of fruits, and mortality of seedlings (Lewis 1973;Ananthakrishnan 1984Ananthakrishnan , 1993. F. occidentalis has an extremely wide range of hosts, including many weed species (Yudin et al 1986), and commonly spreads to crops when the weeds start to senesce (Bailey 1933;Yudin et al 1988). As this species is also a vector of tomato spotted wilt disease (Sakimura 1962) and is resistant to many pesticides (Steiner 1990;Higgins 1992), it is considered to be the most important and difficult to control pest on glasshouse crops in both Europe and the USA (van Dijken 1992).…”

Section: Hughes · F a Bazzazmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of elevated CO 2 on interactions betwe en the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca

Hughes

Bazzaz

1997

Oecologia

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We measured the effect of elevated CO on populations of the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis and on the amount of leaf damage inflicted by the thrips to one of its host plants, the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca. Plants grown at elevated CO had significantly greater aboveground biomass and C:N ratios, and significantly reduced percentage nitrogen. The number of thrips per plant was not affected by CO treatment, but the density of thrips (numbers per gram aboveground biomass), was significantly reduced at high CO. Consumption by thrips, expressed as the amount of damaged leaf area per capita, was significantly greater at high CO, and the amount of leaf area damaged by thrips was increased by 33%. However overall leaf area at elevated CO increased by 62%, more than compensating for the increase in thrips consumption. The net outcome was that plants at elevated CO had 3.6 times more undamaged leaf area available for photosynthesis than plants at ambient CO, even though they had only 1.6 times the overall amount of leaf area. This study highlights the need for measuring the effects of herbivory at the whole-plant level and also the importance of taking herbivory into account when predicting plant responses to elevated CO.

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Section: Hughes · F a Bazzazmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of elevated CO 2 on interactions betwe en the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca

Hughes

Bazzaz

1997

Oecologia

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“…Eggs hatch after 2-26 days (Quaintance 1898;Hinds 1903;Horsfall and Fenton 1922;MacGill 1927;Eddy and Clarke 1930;Eddy and Livingstone 1931;Bailey 1933Bailey , 1938Watts 1934, Watts 1936Lublinkhof and Foster 1977;Lowry et al 1992). MacGill (1927) reported that onion thrips eggs hatched after 8 days on average at 19°C, while Eddy and Clarke (1930) observed onion thrips eggs hatched at 4.7 on average at 24.7°C.…”

Section: Thrips Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Following eclosion, two plant-feeding larval stages occur. Larval development periods range from 2 to 13 days (Quaintance 1898;Hinds 1903;Horsfall and Fenton 1922;MacGill 1927;Eddy and Clarke 1930;Eddy and Livingstone 1931;Bailey 1933Bailey , 1938Watts 1934Watts , 1936Vance 1974;Lowry et al 1992). MacGill (1927) reported that onion thrips progressed through both larval instars in 10 -14 days at 19°C.…”

Section: Thrips Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…After 1-5 days, the insect drops to the soil and enters a pupal stage (Quaintance 1898;Hinds 1903;Horsfall and Fenton 1922;MacGill 1927;Eddy and Clarke 1930;Eddy and Livingstone 1931;Bailey 1933Bailey , 1938Watts 1934Watts , 1936Vance 1974;Lublinkhof and Foster 1977;Lowry et al 1992). Thrips adults emerge from the soil after 1-10 days (Quaintance 1898;Hinds 1903;Horsfall and Fenton 1922;MacGill 1927;Eddy and Clarke 1930;Eddy and Livingstone 1931;Bailey 1933Bailey , 1938Watts 1934Watts , 1936Vance 1974;Lublinkhof and Foster 1977;Lowry et al 1992). MacGill (1927) reported that onion thrips required 1-2 days and 4 -7 days to complete the prepupal and pupal stages, respectively, at 19°C.…”

Section: Thrips Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adult longevity of female onion thrips has been observed as 14.5 days (Eddy and Clarke 1930) and 18.3 days (Watts 1934). Bailey (1933Bailey ( , 1938 reported average adult longevity of western flower thrips as 20 -21 days. While Lublinkhoff and Foster (1977) observed an average life span for western flower thrips females of 27.5 days at 30°C up to 70.8 days at 15°C.…”

Section: Thrips Biologymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biology, Crop Injury, and Management of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Infesting Cotton Seedlings in the United States

Cook¹,

Herbert

Akin

et al. 2011

j integ pest manage

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Several species of thrips are known to infest cotton seedlings in the United States and constitute one of the most common insect pest challenges for growers. The species complex, species abundance, extent of crop injury, and impact on lint yield varies widely across the cotton states. Cotton seedlings are most susceptible to thrips injury during the first 4 to 5 weeks after plant emergence. Feeding by thrips results in distortion, malformation and tearing of seedling leaves, reduced leaf area and plant height, reduced root growth, and injury to or death of the apical meristem, the latter of which leads to excessive vegetative branching. Plant maturity (i.e., fruit production) can be delayed and in extreme cases, losses of as much a 30 -50% of lint yield potential have been reported. To date, no varieties of cotton have resistance to thrips, so controls are based solely on insecticide applications. Treatment thresholds and control practices (e.g., insecticide seed treatments, in-furrow or foliar applied insecticides) vary widely across cotton states. This article provides a brief summary of the various species of thrips present in U.S. cotton, their plant host range and injury to cotton, a general description of thrips biology, and management practices currently available to growers.

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IPM of Western Flower Thrips

Robb¹,

Parrella

1995

Thrips Biology and Management

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A Contribution to the Knowledge of the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella Californica (Moulton)

Cited by 10 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of elevated CO 2 on interactions betwe en the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca

Effect of elevated CO 2 on interactions betwe en the western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and the common milkweed, Asclepias syriaca

Biology, Crop Injury, and Management of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) Infesting Cotton Seedlings in the United States

IPM of Western Flower Thrips

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