A contribution on the platinum-group mineralogy of the Merensky Reef at the Rustenburg platinum mine

Kingston, G. A.; El-Dosuky, Bothina T.

doi:10.2113/gsecongeo.77.6.1367

Cited by 45 publications

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“…We interpret these zones to represent laurite inclusions. Laurite has been observed in Merensky Reef samples by many authors (Kingston and El-dosuky, 1982;Kinloch, 1982;Kinloch and Peyerl, 1990; and only a small quantity (-65 ug) is needed to satisfy our mass balance. This represents in our samples about 10 grains of laurite of 10 \xm in diameter size.…”

Section: -Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…However, zones enriched in Pd, Ag and Au were observed during laser ablation suggesting that palladian electram is present. Kingston and El-Dosuky (1982) in their study of PGM mineralogy of the Rustenburg Mine report 1 vol% of this mineral. Our mass balance requires ~50 ug of electram (Au-Ag alloy) equivalent in our samples to 3 grains of 10 um in diameter size.…”

Section: -Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Rôle des liquides sulfurés dans la formation des minéralisations riches en éléments du groupe du platine :

Godel¹

2007

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Section: -Resultsmentioning

confidence: 90%

Section: -Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Rôle des liquides sulfurés dans la formation des minéralisations riches en éléments du groupe du platine :

Godel¹

2007

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“…Kingston & El-Dosuky (1982) described a single occurrence of mertieite-II in the Merensky Reef. The only place in the Bushveld Complex where Pt-Pd antimonides (geversite, stibiopalladinite and undetermined minerals) are abundant is in dunite pipes, where high activity of a volatile phase is inferred (Tarkian & Stumpfl 1975, Peyerl 1982.…”

Section: Pge and Pgm In The Hydrothermal Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magmatic and Hydrothermal Platinum-Group Minerals and Base-Metal Sulfides in the Baula Complex, India

Augé

Salpeteur

Bailly

et al. 2002

The Canadian Mineralogist

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The 3 ϫ 0.5 km gabbro-hosted Precambrian Baula Complex, in Orissa, India, comprises a steeply dipping pyroxenite unit in tectonic contact to the east with a peridotite unit that contains three chromitite layers and that becomes pyroxene-rich eastward toward the top. The ultramafic formations are intruded by the Bangur Gabbro, the top of which entered a shear zone, forming a breccia zone. The breccia, 1 to 40 m thick and almost continuous along strike for 2000 m, shows extensive vertical and lateral variations. It is made up of ultramafic blocks of various sizes derived from the Baula Complex within a matrix of hydrothermally altered Bangur Gabbro. The brecciation process has affected one of the chromitite layers. Two categories of platinum-groupelement (PGE) mineralization have been observed in the Baula Complex, both associated with the Bangur Gabbro. The first (type 1) occurs within a sulfide-free magmatic environment within the Bangur Gabbro near its contact with the peridotite, and is clearly formed within a magmatic environment. The PGE-bearing rock contains relics of dunite and chromitite extracted mechanically from the ultramafic formations by the intrusive gabbro. This mineralization is dominated by Pt (Pt/Pd in the range 8-9), is anomalous in Rh, and the platinum-group-mineral (PGM) assemblage is dominated by isoferroplatinum, braggite and malanite, with sperrylite and laurite, included in pyroxene and plagioclase. The second category (types 2A and 2B) is restricted to the hydrothermally altered matrix of the breccia zone. Type 2A has PGE associated with base-metal mineralization; the PGE assemblages are characterized by Pd (Pt/Pd 0.5), and the PGM are mainly sudburyite, minerals of the system Pd-Bi-Te-Sb, and sperrylite. Type 2B is not associated with base metals, the PGE are characterized by Pt (Pt/Pd in the range 2-3), and PGM phases of the Pt-Sb-As system (geversite, sperrylite) coexist with Pd antimony (mertieite-II). The PGE minerals form discrete grains, a) in the hydrous silicate matrix (commonly as clusters) without base-metal sulfides (BMS) or in the silicate matrix accompanying BMS trails, where they are in some cases adjacent to disseminated BMS, b) within ferrian chromite, c) within BMS in silicates, and d) within or adjacent to BMS in ferrian chromite. We present the results of electron-microprobe analyses of the PGM and BMS phases, and propose a model in which type-1 mineralization results from an orthomagmatic episode, whereas the type-2 mineralization is a result of hydromagmatic processes affecting the gabbroic matrix of the complex breccia zone.

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“…The platinum-group minerals cooperite, braggite, and vysotskite have been described from a large variety of geological environments, including Alaskan-type complexes (Begizov et al 1975, Johan et al 1989, placer deposits, where cooperite and, less commonly, braggite occur as inclusions in Pt-Fe alloys , Cabri et al 1996, Gornostayev et al 1999, Tolstykh et al 1999, in sulfur-poor mineralized horizons in layered intrusions (Grokhovskaya et al 1992, Halkoaho et al 1990, Kingston & El-Dosuky 1982, Kinloch 1982, Penberthy & Merkle 1999, Verryn & Merkle 1994, Volborth et al 1986, and massive magmatic sulfide ores (Genkin & Evstigneeva 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pt content versus Pd content in cooperite, braggite, and vysotskite. The analytical data were taken from the literature (Augé et al 1998, Bannister & Hey 1932, Barkov et al 1995, Bowles 2000, Brynard et al 1976, Cabri et al 1978, 1996, Coghill & Wilson 1993, Corrivaux & Laflamme 1990, Cowden et al 1990, Criddle & Stanley 1985, Distler et al 1999, Genkin & Evstigneeva 1986, Genkin & Zvyagintsev 1962, Halkoaho 1989, Johan et al 1989, Kingston & El-Dosuky 1982, Laputina & Genkin 1975, Mitrofanov et al 1998, Mostert et al 1982, Rudashevsky et al 1995, Schwellnus et al 1976, Shcheka et al 1991, Tarkian 1987, Todd et al 1982, Tolstykh & Krivenko 1997, Tolstykh et al 1999, Toma & Murphy 1978, Volborth et al 1986, Vuorelainen et al 1982, Watkinson & Dunning 1979, Weiser & Schmidt-Thomé 1993.The solid line indicates the best linear fit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

THE SYSTEM PtS PdS NiS BETWEEN 1200 AND 700 C

Verryn¹,

Merkle²

2002

The Canadian Mineralogist

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Results of experimental investigations in the dry system PtS-PdS-NiS between 1200° and 700°C are presented. The phases encountered in the experimental runs are synthetic cooperite [(Pt,Pd,Ni)S], synthetic braggite [(Pt,Pd,Ni)S], synthetic vysotskite [(Pd,Pt,Ni)S], quenched sulfide liquid, and Ni 1-x S. Synthetic cooperite is stable to temperatures above 1200°C, whereas synthetic braggite is stable at temperatures below 1100°C, and synthetic vysotskite, below 1000°C. Below 900°C in the system PtS-PdSNiS, Ni-saturated synthetic cooperite, braggite, and vysotskite coexist with Ni 1-x S. At 900°C, only Ni-saturated, Pd-free synthetic cooperite coexists with Ni 1-x S, and synthetic braggite and Pd-bearing synthetic cooperite coexist with a Pd-Ni-Pt sulfide melt. At temperatures ≥ 1000°C, Ni-saturated synthetic cooperite and braggite coexist with a Pd-Ni-Pt sulfide melt. In the experiments, there is a clearly defined miscibility-gap between cooperite and braggite, but no gap was observed between braggite and vysotskite. The Ni content of braggite and vysotskite with varying Pt:Pd ratio in a Ni-saturated environment is a function of temperature. A higher Ni content indicates a lower temperature of equilibration, and can be estimated using the following equation

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A contribution on the platinum-group mineralogy of the Merensky Reef at the Rustenburg platinum mine

Cited by 45 publications

References 0 publications

Rôle des liquides sulfurés dans la formation des minéralisations riches en éléments du groupe du platine :

Rôle des liquides sulfurés dans la formation des minéralisations riches en éléments du groupe du platine :

Magmatic and Hydrothermal Platinum-Group Minerals and Base-Metal Sulfides in the Baula Complex, India

THE SYSTEM PtS PdS NiS BETWEEN 1200 AND 700 C

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