A Contribuição Zoológica Dos Primeiros Naturalistas Viajantes No Brasil

Vanzolini, P. E.

doi:10.11606/issn.2316-9036.v0i30p190-238

Cited by 40 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The Caatinga contains a relatively low animal species diversity and only a small number of endemics (Andrade-Lima 1982, Prance 1987, Vanzolini 1996. However, the region is considered to harbor a unique component of Brazil's biodiversity (Leal et al 2005a).…”

Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

Barboza¹,

Lopes²,

Souto³

et al. 2016

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Although the use of wild mammals as a source of food has been better studied in tropical forest environments, their importance as a source of protein for human communities in semiarid environments is little known. In the latter, the availability of wild animal meat is limited in comparison to other environments. In the semiarid regions of northeastern Brazil, hunting wild mammals for their meat is traditional, playing a crucial role in the livelihoods and food security of various rural and urban communities, especially during the annual drought seasons. In this study, we investigated the role of wild mammals as bushmeat in 10 communities within the Caatinga biome in northeast Brazil. We used key-informant interviews, household surveys, and questionnaires to determine the species hunted and consumed. We found that about 30 species were used for bushmeat, with communities clustering into two main groups. We showed that in almost all municipalities visited, all mammals hunted were reported after interview days. A total of 46.9% of hunters consumed bushmeat at least once a week. However, preference for bushmeat over livestock was perceived to be more a matter of taste (61.50% of respondents) than a real need for protein supplementation from the wild. The ease of entering environmental areas where wild mammals can be found has disadvantages for wildlife in terms of pressure and overexploitation, especially where it concerns endangered species. The key to understanding the socioeconomic, cultural, and ecological contexts in which there are traditional uses is to develop conservationist strategies suitable for the socioeconomic reality of human populations.

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Section: Study Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

Barboza¹,

Lopes²,

Souto³

et al. 2016

E&S

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“…Descriptions of reef fishes increased in the early 19th Century (Figure a), with remarkable contributions by Cuvier and Valenciennes (1828–1840), who studied specimens confiscated by Napoleon's troops in Portuguese museums (Moura & Lindeman, ; Vanzolini, ). In the mid‐19th century, American and European expeditions to the SWA enabled the discovery and study of more endemic reef fishes, which were described by naturalists such as Louis Agassiz, Charles Hartt and Franz Steindachner (von Spix & Agassiz, ; Hartt, ; Steindachner, ; Figure a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

South‐western Atlantic reef fishes: Zoogeographical patterns and ecological drivers reveal a secondary biodiversity centre in the Atlantic Ocean

Pinheiro

Rocha

Macieira

et al. 2018

Diversity and Distributions

175

169

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Aim To present an updated database of fish species recorded on south‐western Atlantic reef environments and to explore the ecological drivers of the structure, the latitudinal gradient of biodiversity and the centre of endemism in this peripheral province. Location South‐western Atlantic (SWA): Brazilian and Argentinian Provinces. Methods A database composed of 733 fish species along 23 locations in the SWA (00°55′ N to 43°00′ S) was compiled based on primary data, literature and museum records. Cluster and beta diversity analyses were carried out to evaluate faunal overlaps among locations and subprovinces. “Target‐area‐distance effect” and “stepping stones dispersal” hypotheses for assemblage composition were tested through Mantel tests. Relationships between the distribution patterns and ecological traits of reef fish species were investigated through generalized linear mixed‐effect models. Results Out of the 733 fish species, 405 are SWA resident reef fishes, of which 111 (27%) are endemics and 78 are threatened with extinction. Cluster analysis detected six subprovinces in the SWA structured following the target‐area‐distance model, and with no evidence for a latitudinal gradient in diversity. The greatest overall richness and endemic species richness were found in the east–south‐eastern region. Depth range, habitat use and body size were the main drivers of SWA reef fish assemblage structure. Main conclusions The Brazilian and Argentinian coasts constitute different provinces structured by oceanographic barriers and environmental filters. Similarities among oceanic islands indicate connectivity driven by stochastic and ecological factors. Species richness and endemism indicate that peripheral provinces may also bear centres of origin and biodiversity, patterns driven by parapatric/ecological speciation and the overlap between tropical and subtropical reef fish species. Ecological drivers of reef fish distribution, such as habitat specialization and body size, support hypotheses of speciation in the periphery. New approaches for spatial planning, marine protected areas and off‐reserve marine management are essential for the conservation and sustainability of SWA reef fishes.

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“…The original description of a Brachyteles specimen is attributed to the French naturalist Étienne Geoffroy Saint‐Hilaire at the beginning of the 19th century when it was considered a species of spider monkey, Ateles arachnoides (Hill, ). Additional specimens provided details on the geographic distribution and on morphological variation in muriquis, prompting both Wied () and Kuhl () to first recognize southern and northern muriquis as separate species within Ateles (Garbino & Costa, ; Vanzolini, ). Three years later, Spix () was the first to classify muriquis into their own genus, assigning both southern and northern forms to the species Brachyteles macrotarsus .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phylogeographic evidence for two species of muriqui (genusBrachyteles)

Chaves

Magnus

Jerusalinsky

et al. 2019

American J Primatol

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The taxonomy of muriquis, the largest extant primates in the New World, is controversial. While some specialists argue for a monotypic genus (Brachyteles arachnoides), others favor a two-species classification, splitting northern muriquis (Brachyteles hypoxanthus) from southern muriquis (B. arachnoides). This uncertainty affects how we study the differences between these highly endangered and charismatic primates, as well as the design of more effective conservation programs.To address this issue, between 2003 and 2017 we collected over 230 muriqui fecal samples across the genus' distribution in the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, extracted DNA from these samples, and sequenced 423 base pairs of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region. Phylogenetic and species delimitation analyses of our sequence dataset robustly support two reciprocally monophyletic groups corresponding to northern and southern muriquis separated by an average 12.7% genetic distance. The phylogeographic break between these lineages seems to be associated with the Paraíba do Sul River and coincides with the transition between the north and south Atlantic Forest biogeographic zones. Published divergence estimates from whole mitochondrial genomes and nuclear loci date the split between northern and southern muriquis to the Early Pleistocene (ca. 2.0 mya), and our new mtDNA dataset places the coalescence time for each of these two clades near the last interglacial (ca. 120-80 kya). Our results, together with both phenotypic and ecological differences, support recognizing northern and southern muriquis as sister species that should be managed as distinct evolutionarily significant units. Given that only a few thousand muriquis remain in nature, it is imperative that conservation strategies are tailored to protect both species from extinction.

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A Contribuição Zoológica Dos Primeiros Naturalistas Viajantes No Brasil

Cited by 40 publications

References 8 publications

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

The role of game mammals as bushmeat In the Caatinga, northeast Brazil

South‐western Atlantic reef fishes: Zoogeographical patterns and ecological drivers reveal a secondary biodiversity centre in the Atlantic Ocean

Phylogeographic evidence for two species of muriqui (genusBrachyteles)

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