A continuous paleorecord of vegetation and environmental change from Erxianyan Wetland over the past 60,000 years in central China

Song, Menglin; Dodson, John; Shi, Ge; Yan, Hong

doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2023.111399

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…BA Our model results reproduce the global reduction of biomass burning at the LGM observed from ice cores and sedimentary charcoal records (Daniau et al, 2012;Harrison et al, 2022;Power et al, 2008;Rubino et al, 2016). Some studies have indicated the occurrence of high-intensity wildfires on the Palaeo-Agulhas Plain of South Africa, tropical regions, northern Australia, and central China at the LGM (Kraaij et al, 2020;Power et al, 2008;Rowe et al, 2021;Ruan et al, 2020;M. Song et al, 2023).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate

Haas

Prentice

Harrison

2023

Preprint

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Abstract. Climate and fuel availability jointly control the incidence of wildfires. The effects of atmospheric CO2 on plant growth influence fuel availability independently of climate; but the relative importance of each in driving large-scale changes in wildfire regimes cannot easily be quantified from observations alone. Here, we use previously developed empirical models to simulate the global spatial pattern of burnt area, fire size and fire intensity for modern and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ~ 21,000 ka) conditions using both realistic changes in climate and CO2 and sensitivity experiments to separate their effects. Three different LGM scenarios are used to represent the range of modelled LGM climates. We show large, modelled reductions in burnt area at the LGM compared to the recent period, consistent with the sedimentary charcoal record. This reduction was predominantly driven by the effect of low CO2 on vegetation productivity. The amplitude of the reduction under low CO2 conditions was similar regardless of the LGM climate scenario and was not observed in any LGM scenario when only climate effects were considered, with one LGM climate scenario showing increased burning under these conditions. Fire intensity showed a similar sensitivity to CO2 across different climates but was also sensitive to changes in vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Modelled fire size was reduced under LGM CO2 in many regions but increased under LGM climates because of changes in wind strength, dryness (DD) and diurnal temperature range (DTR). This increase was offset under the coldest LGM climate in the northern latitudes because of a large reduction in VPD. These results emphasis the fact that the relative magnitudes of changes in different climate variables influence the wildfire regime and that different aspects of climate change can have opposing effects. The importance of CO2 effects imply that future projections of wildfire must take rising CO2 into account.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate

Haas

Prentice

Harrison

2023

Preprint

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“…Our model results reproduce the global reduction of biomass burning at the LGM observed from ice cores and sedimentary charcoal records (Daniau et al, 2012;Harrison et al, 2022;Rubino et al, 2015). Some studies have indicated the occurrence of high-intensity wildfires on the Palaeo-Agulhas Plain of South Africa and in tropical regions, northern Australia, and central China at the LGM (Kraaij et al, 2020;Rowe et al, 2021;Ruan et al, 2020;Song et al, 2023). Our results are consistent with the trends in these regions.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…Whilst FI has been reconstructed from charcoal (e.g. Duffin, 2008;Snitker, 2018), there are currently no comparable measures that record FS or FI changes globally. Charcoal records are not available from some regions, further limiting our ability to evaluate the models, particularly in Eurasia and inland South America, where low CO 2 leads to large reductions in BA that are not observed when only climate is considered.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate

Haas,

Prentice,

Harrison

2023

Biogeosciences

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Abstract. Climate and fuel availability jointly control the incidence of wildfires. The effects of atmospheric CO2 on plant growth influence fuel availability independently of climate, but the relative importance of each in driving large-scale changes in wildfire regimes cannot easily be quantified from observations alone. Here, we use previously developed empirical models to simulate the global spatial pattern of burnt area, fire size, and fire intensity for modern and Last Glacial Maximum (LGM; ∼ 21 000 ka) conditions using both realistic changes in climate and CO2 and sensitivity experiments to separate their effects. Three different LGM scenarios are used to represent the range of modelled LGM climates. We show large, modelled reductions in burnt area at the LGM compared to the recent period, consistent with the sedimentary charcoal record. This reduction was predominantly driven by the effect of low CO2 on vegetation productivity. The amplitude of the reduction under low-CO2 conditions was similar regardless of the LGM climate scenario and was not observed in any LGM scenario when only climate effects were considered, with one LGM climate scenario showing increased burning under these conditions. Fire intensity showed a similar sensitivity to CO2 across different climates but was also sensitive to changes in vapour pressure deficit (VPD). Modelled fire size was reduced under LGM CO2 in many regions but increased under LGM climates because of changes in wind strength, dry days (DDs), and diurnal temperature range (DTR). This increase was offset under the coldest LGM climate in the northern latitudes because of a large reduction in VPD. These results emphasize the fact that the relative magnitudes of changes in different climate variables influence the wildfire regime and that different aspects of climate change can have opposing effects. The importance of CO2 effects imply that future projections of wildfire must take rising CO2 into account.

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“…The values of δ 13 C under the control of C3 vegetation are more negative (−14‰~−6‰) than when they are under the control of C4 vegetation (−6‰~−2‰) [33]. Spore pollen reconstruction results have shown that ancient vegetation in central China was dominated by mixed broadleaf evergreen and deciduous forests during the last glacial maximum [34], and this kind of forest is mainly composed of C3 plants. DDH-B15 δ 13 C ranges from −1.16‰ to −7.73‰, with a mean value of −3.80‰, which is largely consistent with the speleothem δ 13 C range expected at a site overlain with C4 vegetation (−6 to −2‰), contradicting the spore pollen reconstruction results.…”

Section: Interpretation Of Stalagmite δ 13 C At Ddh Cavementioning

confidence: 99%

A Highly Resolved Speleothem δ13C Record from Central China and Its Manifestation on Multiple Time Scales during the Last Glacial

Chen,

Cheng,

Deng

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Speleothem δ13C in monsoonal China differs from speleothem δ18O, which is widely used as a climatic proxy for several complex control reasons. Nevertheless, δ13C records have the potential to reveal the implications of hydroclimatic changes. This study reports a speleothem δ13C record from Didonghe (DDH) Cave in central China spanning 34 to 13 kyr BP. After we investigated the factors that influence speleothem δ13C, we found that the δ13C record showed that DDH Cave can prompt directional shifts via local hydroclimatic changes, such as in vegetation types, biomass, and rock–water interaction processes, suggesting that δ13C is mainly controlled by the local hydroclimate. Ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) results revealed a coupling relationship between δ18O and δ13C on multiple timescales, which suggested that changes in precipitation caused by large-scale monsoonal circulation are controlled by regional hydrological conditions to a great extent. However, the hydrological conditions of the cave were relatively mild and humid during the last glacial maximum (LGM), which revealed the impact of evaporation on changes in the region’s hydrological conditions. We also found that the δ18O and δ13C profiles decoupled when δ13C changed with a shift in the location of the westerly during HS1. The δ13C record correlates well with other paleoclimate records, suggesting that regional hydrological conditions are also modulated by the Earth’s internal and external driving factors.

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A continuous paleorecord of vegetation and environmental change from Erxianyan Wetland over the past 60,000 years in central China

Cited by 8 publications

References 60 publications

The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate

The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate

The response of wildfire regimes to Last Glacial Maximum carbon dioxide and climate

A Highly Resolved Speleothem δ13C Record from Central China and Its Manifestation on Multiple Time Scales during the Last Glacial

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