A continuous culture apparatus for the microbial utilization of hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water in closed‐cycle space systems

Foster, John F.; Litchfield, John H.

doi:10.1002/bit.260060406

Cited by 52 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…The consumption rates of H2, 02, and CO2 by cultures of H. eutropha were measured by water displacement with an accuracy of d3%. Some of the cultivation techniques were described previously (5,8).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Generation and Utilization in Hydrogen Bacteria

Bongers

1970

J Bacteriol

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Studies on the relationship between cell synthesis and energy utilization in Hydrogenomonas eutropha have shown that the amount of oxidative energy required for synthetic reactions depends on the conditions of growth. The energy of hydrogen oxidation was most efficiently used when growth conditions were optimal (continuous culture, cells in exponential growth phase) and when the rate of growth was limited by H2 or 02 supply. Under these conditions, 2 to 2.5 atoms of oxygen were consumed by the oxyhydrogen reaction for the concomitant conversion of 1 mole of CO2 to cell matter. This conversion efficiency, expressed as the O/C energyyield value, was observed with continuous cultures. A less efficient conversion was found with batch cultures. With limiting concentrations of CO2 the rate of hydrogen oxidation was relatively high, and the O/C value was dependent on the growth rate. With nonlimiting concentrations of CO2, the rate of hydrogen oxidation was strictly proportional to the rate of CO2 fixation, and the O/C value was independent of growth rate. This proportionality between the rate of H2 oxidation and the rate of CO2 fixation suggested that energy supply regulates the (maximum) rate of growth. From the energy-yield measurements, we concluded that the oxidation of 1 mole of H2 yields the equivalent of 2 moles of adenosine triphosphate for H. eutropha, and that at least 5 moles of this high-energy phosphate is required for the conversion of 1 mole of CO2 into cellular constituents.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Energy Generation and Utilization in Hydrogen Bacteria

Bongers

1970

J Bacteriol

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“…Various systems for continuous culture of hydrogen bacteria have been described (Foster and Litchfield, 1964;liittner, 1977;Ponomarev and Gurevich, 1977;Schlegel and Lafferty, 1971;Schuster ~d Schlegel, 1967;Schlegel, Schuster, and Konig, 1967;Voytovich et al ., 1972).…”

Section: Continuous Culture Of Hydrogen-oxidizing Bacteriamentioning

confidence: 98%

The Hydrogen-Oxidizing Bacteria

Aragno¹,

Schlegel²

1981

The Prokaryotes

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“…In the latter case, H 2 gas can be produced by electrolysis of water using zero-emission energy sources such as solar, wind, hydro or nuclear. The use of H 2 -oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria for the production of edible microbial biomass from CO 2 was already proposed several decades ago as a circular food production system for space travel (Foster and Litchfield 1964). The Finnish start-up Solar Foods has recently announced that they will bring a microbial food product to market by 2021, which is based on H 2 -oxidizing chemoautotrophic bacteria.…”

Section: Possible Routes Towards Producing Edible Microbial Biomass Fmentioning

confidence: 99%

Making the case for edible microorganisms as an integral part of a more sustainable and resilient food production system

Linder

2019

Food Sec.

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Edible microbial biomass derived from bacteria, yeasts, filamentous fungi or microalgae is a promising alternative to conventional sources of food and feed. Microorganisms are a good source of protein, vitamins and, in some cases, also contain beneficial lipids. The ability of microorganisms to use simple organic substrates for growth permits industrial-scale cultivation of edible microbial biomass in geographical locations that would not compete with agricultural production. Only a handful of microbial products are currently available for human consumption. The use of microbial biomass for animal feed is limited by access to low-cost growth substrates and competition from conventional feed sources such as soy and fishmeal. At a time when the global food production system is threatened by the effects of climate change, the production of edible microorganisms has the potential to circumvent many of the current environmental boundaries of food production as well as reducing its environmental impact. Photosynthetic microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and microalgae can be cultivated for food and feed independently of arable land. In addition, recent technological developments in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO 2) capture, extraction and catalytic conversion into simple organic compounds can be used for cultivation of edible microbial biomass for food and feed in a manner that is wholly independent of photosynthesis. The future possibilities, challenges and risks of scaled-up production of edible microbial biomass in relation to the global food system and the environment are discussed.

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A continuous culture apparatus for the microbial utilization of hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water in closed‐cycle space systems

Cited by 52 publications

References 6 publications

Energy Generation and Utilization in Hydrogen Bacteria

Energy Generation and Utilization in Hydrogen Bacteria

The Hydrogen-Oxidizing Bacteria

Making the case for edible microorganisms as an integral part of a more sustainable and resilient food production system

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