A Contemporary View of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Biology and Strain-Specific Differences

Pandya, Mansi C.; Callahan, Sean M.; Savchenko, Kyryll; Stobart, Christopher C.

doi:10.3390/pathogens8020067

Cited by 44 publications

(43 citation statements)

References 129 publications

(177 reference statements)

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“…Tracking the frequency, recurrence, and distribution of amino acid changes that may confer selective advantages is a key focus of INFORM-RSV. Recent strains and dominant genotypes have genetic differences from the prototype virus strain used in most vaccine research ( 43 ). Since antigenic site changes could alter viral antigenicity for vaccines and affect their susceptibility to MAbs, novel agents for prophylaxis cannot afford to miss their contemporary targets when they are eventually deployed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Molecular Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus from the 2017−2018 INFORM-RSV Study

et al. 2020

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Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of lower respiratory tract infection among infants and young children, resulting in annual epidemics worldwide. INFORM-RSV is a multi-year clinical study designed to describe the global molecular epidemiology of RSV in children under five years of age by monitoring temporal and geographical evolution of current circulating RSV strains, F protein antigenic sites, and their relationships with clinical features of RSV disease. During the pilot season (2017–2018), 410 RSV G-F gene sequences were obtained from 476 RSV-positive nasal samples collected from 8 countries (United Kingdom, Spain, the Netherlands, Finland, Japan, Brazil, South Africa, and Australia). RSV B (all BA9 genotype) predominated over RSV A (all ON1 genotype) globally (69.0% vs. 31.0%) and in all countries except South Africa. Geographic clustering patterns highlighted wide transmission and continued evolution with viral spread. Most RSV were from infants <1 year of age (81.2%), males (56.3%), and patients hospitalized >24 hours (70.5%) with no differences in subtype distribution. Compared to 2013 reference sequences, variations at F protein antigenic sites were observed for both RSV A and B strains with high frequency polymorphisms at antigenic site Ø (I206M/Q209R) and site V (L172Q/S173L/K191R) in RSV B strains. The INFORM-RSV 2017–2018 pilot season establishes an important molecular baseline of RSV strain distribution and sequence variability with which to track the emergence of new strains and provide an early warning system of neutralization escape variants that may impact transmission or the effectiveness of vaccines and mAbs under development.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Global Molecular Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus from the 2017−2018 INFORM-RSV Study

et al. 2020

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“…Most HRSV pathogenesis studies have been performed with prototypic laboratory strains that are adapted to cell culture. Recent studies have suggested that these differ from contemporary clinical isolates in infectivity, replication kinetics and pathology [11]. Clinical isolates have been compared to laboratory-adapted HRSV-A2 showing that HRSV-A2 replicated to higher viral titres in HEp-2 cells and undifferentiated primary paediatric epithelial cells [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In vivo comparison of a laboratory-adapted and clinical-isolate-based recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus

Rijsbergen

Rennick

Laksono

et al. 2020

Journal of General Virology

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Human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) is the leading cause of severe respiratory tract disease in infants. Most HRSV infections remain restricted to the upper respiratory tract (URT), but in a small percentage of patients the infection spreads to the lower respiratory tract, resulting in bronchiolitis or pneumonia. We have a limited understanding of HRSV pathogenesis and what factors determine disease severity, partly due to the widespread use of tissue-culture-adapted viruses. Here, we studied early viral dissemination and tropism of HRSV in cotton rats, BALB/cJ mice and C57BL/6 mice. We used a novel recombinant (r) strain based on a subgroup A clinical isolate (A11) expressing EGFP [rHRSVA11EGFP(5)]. A recombinant laboratory-adapted HRSV strain [rHRSVA2EGFP(5)] was used as a direct comparison. Our results show that rHRSVA11EGFP(5) replicated to higher viral titres than laboratory-adapted rHRSVA2EGFP(5) in the URT of cotton rats and mice. HRSV-infected cells were detected as early as 2 days post-inoculation in both species in the nasal septa and lungs. Infection was predominantly present in ciliated epithelial cells in cotton rats and in the olfactory mucosa of mice. In our opinion, this study highlights that the choice of virus strain is important when studying HRSV pathogenesis in vivo and demonstrates that A11 is a representative clinical-based virus. Additionally, we show critical differences in tropism and inflammation when comparing HRSV infection of cotton rats and mice.

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“…Each CDC panel consisted of 20 freeze‐dried samples prepared from RSV‐infected or uninfected cell cultures (Table 1). Four RSV strains were used 15353_ON1 (RSV A) 15,16 RSV Long strain (RSV A), 17 53530_BA (RSV B), 18 and 209_GB3 (RSV B) 19,20 . Viruses were grown using Hep‐2 monolayer with 10% MEM + 20 mM HEPES and inactivated by gamma‐irradiation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Results from the WHO external quality assessment for the respiratory syncytial virus pilot, 2016‐17

Jackson

Peret

Ziegler

et al. 2020

Influenza Resp Viruses

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A Contemporary View of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Biology and Strain-Specific Differences

Cited by 44 publications

References 129 publications

Global Molecular Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus from the 2017−2018 INFORM-RSV Study

Global Molecular Epidemiology of Respiratory Syncytial Virus from the 2017−2018 INFORM-RSV Study

In vivo comparison of a laboratory-adapted and clinical-isolate-based recombinant human respiratory syncytial virus

Results from the WHO external quality assessment for the respiratory syncytial virus pilot, 2016‐17

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