A containerless study of short-range order in high-temperature Fe–Si–Al–Ca–Mg–Cr–Cu–Ni oxide systems

Antipas, Georgios S.E.; Temleitner, László; Karalis, Konstantinos; Kohara, Shinji; Pusztai, László; Xenidis, Anthimos

doi:10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.03.056

Cited by 24 publications

(49 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Ferronickel is produced by reductive smelting (RS) of nickel laterite ores in electric submerged arc furnaces (EAF)123. RS involves industrial infrastructures of grand physical proportions with correspondingly high requirements for electric energy, in excess of 40 MWatts per EAF.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…It is of course expected that, on a fundamental level, such a ratio of phases must precipitate from the atomic coordination requirements of both Al and Ca. The coordination of Al is known to depend on neighboring cations, albeit Al is believed to be prominently four-fold coordinated12319, as flagged by the most frequently observed value for the polyhedron O-Al-O bond angle (approximately equal to 109° 1823). It has been suggested that the tendency of other network-modifying cations to charge-balance [AlO 4 ] 5− polyhedra decreases with increasing ionic field strength, according to the sequence K + >Na + >Ca 2+ >Mg 2+ 19.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Bona-fide method for the determination of short range order and transport properties in a ferro-aluminosilicate slag

Karalis

Dellis

Antipas

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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The thermodynamics, structural and transport properties (density, melting point, heat capacity, thermal expansion coefficient, viscosity and electrical conductivity) of a ferro-aluminosilicate slag have been studied in the solid and liquid state (1273–2273 K) using molecular dynamics. The simulations were based on a Buckingham-type potential, which was extended here, to account for the presence of Cr and Cu. The potential was optimized by fitting pair distribution function partials to values determined by Reverse Monte Carlo modelling of X-ray and neutron diffraction experiments. The resulting short range order features and ring statistics were in tight agreement with experimental data and created consensus for the accurate prediction of transport properties. Accordingly, calculations yielded rational values both for the average heat capacity, equal to 1668.58 J/(kg·K), and for the viscosity, in the range of 4.09–87.64 cP. The potential was consistent in predicting accurate values for mass density (i.e. 2961.50 kg/m3 vs. an experimental value of 2940 kg/m3) and for electrical conductivity (5.3–233 S/m within a temperature range of 1273.15–2273.15 K).

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

Bona-fide method for the determination of short range order and transport properties in a ferro-aluminosilicate slag

Karalis

Dellis

Antipas

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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“…Ferronickel is produced in submerged-arc electric furnaces by reductive smelting (RS) of nickel laterite ores [1][2][3] . RS involves the formation of a slag bath (consisting of silicon, iron, aluminum and calcium oxides), floating over the ferronickel bulk, the latter accumulating in the EAF lower part.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A CFD analysis of slag properties, electrode shape and immersion depth effects on electric submerged arc furnace heating in ferronickel processing

Karalis

Karkalos

Cheimarios

et al. 2016

Applied Mathematical Modelling

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a b s t r a c tA 2D, steady-state computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis of an industrial electric arc furnace (EAF) is presented. The analysis accounts for the electrode shape and immersion depth, as well as for the dependence of Joule heating on the properties of the slag. The equations for the electric potential, momentum and heat transfer were solved across four distinct regions (i.e. air, slag, ferronickel and firebricks) and the final profile of the slag/metal interface was calculated as a function of the operating parameters of the furnace. The results indicate that the amount of Joule heat produced by the Söderberg electrodes increased with increasing applied voltage and electrical conductivity of the slag; the Joule heat peaked for a value of slag electrical conductivity equal to 3 S/m. A highly conductive slag along with a greater electrode immersion depth was found to facilitate the melting process. The maximum slag velocity values computed were of the order of 0.8 m/s in the vicinity of the electrode tips.

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“…Within these 2-theta angles, the curvature of GS was quite conspicuous compared to POFA powder, which shows a less curvature or concavity at the same range. The amorphousity of GS could be as a result of the presence of short-range order of Fe 2 O 3 -SiO 2 -Al 2 O 3 -CaO-MgO-in its network (Antipas et al, 2012). The presence of less percentage of MgO and CaO in POFA compared to GS as reflected in Table 2 also supported this assertion.…”

Section: Results and Discussion 31 Physical Properties Of The Pozzomentioning

confidence: 65%

“…It implies that Mg might contribute to the microstructural density and since it caused formation of short-range order preferentially to Ca (Antipas et al, 2012). The decreased in the compressive strength of AAG-TPOFA compared to AAG-UPOFA could result from preponderance of Mg in the regions 7 and 8 of the former as against its presence only in the region 5 of the latter.…”

Section: Effect Of Grades Of Pofa On the Microstructures Of The Mortarsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance of Different Grades of Palm Oil Fuel Ash with Ground Slag as Base Materials in the Synthesis of Alkaline Activated Mortar

Yusuf

Johari

Ahmad

et al. 2014

ACT

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This study examined the alkaline activated ground slag (GS) blended with different grades of palm oil fuel ash (POFA), namely: ground POFA (GPOFA), treated or calcined GPOFA (TPOFA) and ground TPOFA or ultrafine POFA (UPOFA) in the synthesis of alkaline activated GS-POFA mortar (AAG-POFA). The AAG-POFA mortars were prepared with 8M-NaOH aq and Na 2 SiO 3aq (Ms = SiO 2 /Na 2 O = 3.3) activators, and then cured at 60 o C for 24 h. The findings showed that the grinding and calcination of POFA reduced the carbon content, loss on ignition, enhanced its fineness and increased the mineral (oxide) compositions. The grades of POFA used for the synthesis of AAG-POFA products impacted the morphologies of its microstructures, compressive strength, carbonation and amorphousity. TPOFA and UPOFA could be successfully used for the synthesis of AAG-POFA mortar with considerable structural strength. While AAG-UPOFA produced the highest mortar strength, the production of AAG-TPOFA mortar was more energy conservative. Finally, GPOFA was practically unsuitable for the synthesis of AAG-POFA as it resulted in low strength products while its mixture was characterized with low consistency, and poor dissolution or hydroxylation upon reacting with the alkaline activators.

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A containerless study of short-range order in high-temperature Fe–Si–Al–Ca–Mg–Cr–Cu–Ni oxide systems

Cited by 24 publications

References 19 publications

Bona-fide method for the determination of short range order and transport properties in a ferro-aluminosilicate slag

Bona-fide method for the determination of short range order and transport properties in a ferro-aluminosilicate slag

A CFD analysis of slag properties, electrode shape and immersion depth effects on electric submerged arc furnace heating in ferronickel processing

Performance of Different Grades of Palm Oil Fuel Ash with Ground Slag as Base Materials in the Synthesis of Alkaline Activated Mortar

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