A constrained SSU-rRNA phylogeny reveals the unsequenced diversity of photosynthetic Cyanobacteria (Oxyphotobacteria)

Abstract

ObjectivesCyanobacteria are an ancient phylum of prokaryotes that contain the class Oxyphotobacteria, the unique bacterial group able to perform oxygenic photosynthesis. This group has been extensively studied by phylogenomics during the last decade, notably because it is widely accepted that Cyanobacteria were responsible for the spread of photosynthesis to the eukaryotic domain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the fraction of the oxyphotobacterial diversity for which sequenced genomes are available for genomic studies. For this, we built a phylogenomic-constrained SSU rRNA (16S) tree to pinpoint unexploited clusters of Oxyphotobacteria that should be targeted for future genome sequencing, so as to improve our understanding of Oxyphotobacteria evolution. ResultsWe show that only a little fraction the oxyphotobacterial diversity has been sequenced so far. Indeed 31 rRNA clusters on the 60 composing the photosynthetic Cyanobacteria have a fraction of sequenced genomes <1%. This fraction remains low (min = 1%, median = 11.