“…For better agreement with experimental results, Chaboche (1991), Ohno andWang (1993a, 1993b) proposed modifying the A-F hardening components, where the dynamic recovery terms are activated only when the back stresses approach certain values. The idea of modifying the dynamic recovery term in A-F hardening components is widely used when particular loading programs with uniaxial or multiaxial responses are considered (Abdel-Karim, 2009, 2010, Abdel-Karim and Ohno, 2000, Bari and Hassan, 2000, Chen and Jiao, 2004, Guionnet, 1992, Van Do et al, 2015, Yu et al, 2012, Zhang and Xuan, 2017. A similar feature of these models is that the parameters used to control the ratcheting rate are included in the kinematic hardening rule governing the form of the stress-strain curve shape defining the plastic modulus (Bari and Hassan, 2001).…”