A constitutive model for metals applicable at high-strain rate

Steinberg, Daniel J.; Cochran, Sandy; Guinan, M.W.

doi:10.1063/1.327799

Cited by 989 publications

(467 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…The model must take into account, in addition to strain, the strain rate (which in case of shock waves can be as high as 10 6 s -1 ) and the temperature (above melting point the material practically loses its shear strength and behaves as a fluid). Most used models are Johnson-Cook [14], Steinberg-Guinan [16] and Johnson-Holmquist [17].…”

Section: Materials Modelling and Advanced Simulation Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experiment to test advanced materials impacted by intense proton pulses at CERN HiRadMat facility

Bertarelli

Berthomé

Boccone

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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SummaryPredicting the consequences of highly energetic particle beams impacting protection devices as collimators or high power target stations is a fundamental issue in the design of state-ofthe-art facilities for high-energy particle physics. These complex dynamic phenomena, which may induce material phase transitions, extended density changes, shock waves generation, explosions, material fragment projections etc., have been successfully simulated resorting to highly non-linear numerical tools (Hydrocodes). In order to produce accurate results, however, these codes require reliable material constitutive models that, at the extreme conditions induced by a destructive beam impact, are scarce and often inaccurate. In order to derive or validate such models (Equations of State, Strength Models, Failure Models), a comprehensive, first-of-its-kind experiment has been recently carried out at CERN HiRadMat facility: performed tests entailed the controlled impact of intense and energetic proton pulses on a number of specimens made of six different materials. Experimental data were acquired, mostly in real time, relying on extensive embedded instrumentation (strain gauges, temperature and vacuum sensors) and on remote acquisition devices (laser Doppler vibrometer and high-speed camera). The dynamic ranges of the digital acquisition system were sufficient to acquire the very fast and intense shock waves generated by the impact. The high speed video camera allowed capturing a number of frames during the time of flight of the material fragments projected away from impacted specimens. This information is then benchmarked against advanced numerical simulations. Preliminary results of the tests are discussed. In depth post-irradiation analyses are foreseen once the specimens have reached a sufficiently low level of activation. The experimental method presented in this paper may find applications to test materials under very high strain rates and temperatures in domains well beyond particle physics (severe accidents in fusion and fission nuclear facilities, space debris impacts, fast and intense loadings on materials and structures etc.).-2 -

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Section: Materials Modelling and Advanced Simulation Toolsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An experiment to test advanced materials impacted by intense proton pulses at CERN HiRadMat facility

Bertarelli

Berthomé

Boccone

et al. 2013

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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“…For comparison, the high-strain rate Steinberg-Guinan stress-strain curve for Ta at P=2GPa and T=300K [29] is also plotted in Fig. 2.…”

Section: =ε Yy (T)=(-1/2) ε Zz (T) + O(ε Zz 2 ) Using Eq (2) the Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Steinberg-Guinan model does not have a peak in its stress-strain curve. Other strength models developed for high-rate deformation, such as the Hoge-Mukherjee [70], Steinberg-Lund [29], and PTW [32] models, also do not have stress peaks. The stress peak results from the system being driven at a rate higher than the plasticity can respond, an effect that is not included in these strength models.…”

Section: =ε Yy (T)=(-1/2) ε Zz (T) + O(ε Zz 2 ) Using Eq (2) the Stmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Typically either conventional polycrystalline materials or single crystals have been studied. Several continuum-level models have been developed for high-rate material strength including Ta [29,30,31,32] and plastic relaxation processes in high-rate deformation [33,34]. More recently, MD has been used to study the plasticity in ramp and shock waves [35,36] and the generation of nanocrystalline systems following a phase transition at a shock front [37].…”

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confidence: 99%

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High-Rate Plastic Deformation of Nanocrystalline Tantalum to Large Strains: Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Rudd

2009

MSF

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Recent advances in the ability to generate extremes of pressure and temperature in dynamic experiments and to probe the response of materials has motivated the need for special materials optimized for those conditions as well as a need for a much deeper understanding of the behavior of materials subjected to high pressure and/or temperature. Of particular importance is the understanding of rate effects at the extremely high rates encountered in those experiments, especially with the next generation of laser drives such as at the National Ignition Facility. Here we use large-scale molecular dynamics (MD) simulations of the high-rate deformation of nanocrystalline tantalum to investigate the processes associated with plastic deformation for strains up to 100%. We use initial atomic configurations that were produced through simulations of solidification in the work of Streitz et al [Phys. Rev. Lett. 96, (2006) 225701]. These 3D polycrystalline systems have typical grain sizes of 10-20 nm. We also study a rapidly quenched liquid (amorphous solid) tantalum. We apply a constant volume (isochoric), constant temperature (isothermal) shear deformation over a range of strain rates, and compute the resulting stress-strain curves to large strains for both uniaxial and biaxial compression. We study the rate dependence and identify plastic deformation mechanisms. The identification of the mechanisms is facilitated through a novel technique that computes the local grain orientation, returning it as a quaternion for each atom. This analysis technique is robust and fast, and has been used to compute the orientations on the fly during our parallel MD simulations on supercomputers. We find both dislocation and twinning processes are important, and they interact in the weak strain hardening in these extremely fine-grained microstructures.

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“…For the epoxy resin, used adhesive in mixed armours, we considered the Cowper-Symonds hardening equation (properties in Table 6). For the aluminum of the backing plate and of the block used to measure penetration in the DOP tests, we used the Steinberg-Guinan hardening equation [23], which assumes that the shear modulus, G M , rises with the pressure, p, and diminishes with temperature, T , as expressed by…”

Section: Validation Of the Mechanical Model Of The Compositementioning

confidence: 99%

Numerical modeling of the impact behavior of new particulate-loaded composite materials

Árias

Zaera

López-Puente

et al. 2003

Composite Structures

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Ballistic efficiency and cost are the main considerations in the design of lightweight armors. Metallic materials have the drawback of their high density. Mixed armors, of ceramic tiles backed by a metallic plate, are an efficient shield against low and medium caliber projectiles since they combine the light weight and high resistance of a ceramic with the ductility of a metal. The drawback is their high cost. The authors developed a new material composed of ceramic particles and a polymeric matrix. It fills the gap between metallic and ceramic materials and could be interesting for applications in which weight is not the primary concern and cost benefits are welcome. A model of the mechanical behavior of this composite is presented in this paper, implemented in a numerical code and validated by experimental results.

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A constitutive model for metals applicable at high-strain rate

Cited by 989 publications

References 18 publications

An experiment to test advanced materials impacted by intense proton pulses at CERN HiRadMat facility

An experiment to test advanced materials impacted by intense proton pulses at CERN HiRadMat facility

High-Rate Plastic Deformation of Nanocrystalline Tantalum to Large Strains: Molecular Dynamics Simulation

Numerical modeling of the impact behavior of new particulate-loaded composite materials

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