1987
DOI: 10.1016/0165-232x(87)90017-6
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A constitutive model for ice as a damaging visco-elastic material

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Cited by 30 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…Previously, Sjölind (1987) and Karr and Choi (1989) postulated the delayed elastic strain to be a function of the effective stress, which is a function of the damage variable. In Duddu and Waisman (2012), we followed their description.…”
Section: Criticisms By Gagliardini and Others (2013)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Previously, Sjölind (1987) and Karr and Choi (1989) postulated the delayed elastic strain to be a function of the effective stress, which is a function of the damage variable. In Duddu and Waisman (2012), we followed their description.…”
Section: Criticisms By Gagliardini and Others (2013)mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In fact, there are few studies that couple damage to viscoelasticity in order to include time and rate effects on damage evolution (e.g. Schapery, 1975Schapery, , 1987Harper, 1986Harper, , 1989Simo, 1987;Sjolind, 1987;Weitsman, 1988;Peng, 1992;Gazonas, 1993). Schapery's viscoelastic-damage model (Schapery, 1975(Schapery, , 1987, which has been modified by Schapery (1999) to include viscoplasticity, is currently used to reasonably predict the damage behavior of asphaltic materials (e.g.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 98%
“…where f = f(ἑ, D, T, p) is the dynamic function of damage depending on the strain rate ἑ, the damage D, the temperature T and the density p. It was evaluated for ice thermodynamically (Sjolind, 1987; Derradji-Aouat and Evgin, 2001), in a microscopic (Choi and Karr, 1989; Santaoja, 1989) and in a mesoscopic approach (Pulkkinen, 1989; Mahrenholtz and Wu, 1992), or with a correspondence to fracture mechanics (Schapery, 1984,1991). Fracturing occurs in a material if the damage D passes a critical D c (Lemaitre, 1992).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%