A Conjugated Polymer Fluorescent Sensor for Continuous Identification of Copper(II) and Pyrophosphate in Blood Serum and Synovial Fluid

Abstract

A novel "on-off-on" super-sensitive conjugated polymer fluorescence sensor (PPE-DPA) was developed and it was applied to realize the continuous recognition of Cu 2+ and pyrophosphate (PPi). The fluorescence intensity decreased linearly with the change of Cu 2+ from 0.05 to 5.0 μmol L -1 and the limit of detection was 24 nmol L -1 . The fluorescence intensity was linearly enhanced with the increase of PPi from 0.5 to 12.0 μmol L -1 and the limit of detection was 230 nmol L -1 . In addition, this method was applied to detect PPi in the blood serum and synovial fluid of patients with arthritis and satisfactory results were obtained. Thus, the PPE-DPA is not only an effective tool for detecting Cu 2+ and PPi in samples, but also presents a potential way to diagnose arthritis.

A poly(carbazole‐alt‐fluorene) π‐conjugated polymer bearing thiophenyl benzimidazole: synthesis, characterization and fluorescence recognition of metal ions and cysteine

“…Nowadays, a large number of related studies focus on main‐chain polymers. Conjugated polymers that attach coordination units to the conjugated backbone via conjugated or unconjugated chains are called side‐chain polymers 16,17 . The fluorescence sensing mechanism of conjugated polymers with saturated carbon chains connecting backbone and coordination units might be attributed to photoinduced electron transfer 17 .…”

“…Conjugated polymers that attach coordination units to the conjugated backbone via conjugated or unconjugated chains are called side‐chain polymers 16,17 . The fluorescence sensing mechanism of conjugated polymers with saturated carbon chains connecting backbone and coordination units might be attributed to photoinduced electron transfer 17 . However, there are few systematic studies on the synthesis and sensing mechanism of such polymers; thus the design of this type of conjugated polymer is of great practical value to the field of polymer science.…”

Zinc‐Terpyridine Based Chemosensor for Detection of Pyrophosphate Anion in Aqueous Medium

“…The increase in the concentration of PPi in the synovial fluid is an indication in the identification of chondrocalcinosis disease, arthritis, urolithiasis, and abnormal PPi concentration may lead to kidney stones, medial arteriosclerosis, acute renal failure as well as vascular calcification resulting in severe medical conditions. [7][8][9][10][11] Considering the above facts, PPi can be utilized as a potential biomarker for the clinical diagnosis and diagnosis of several diseases like arthritis. [12] So, developing chemosensors for sensing PPi in aqueous medium with ease as well as high sensitivity and selectivity, low cost, in-vivo and in-vitro imaging for diagnostics and medical applications are of prime importance.…”

Coumarin-Based Dual Chemosensor for Colorimetric and Fluorescent Detection of Cu2+in Water Media

“…The development of new fluorescent probes is, however, still being concerned due to the limitations of reported probes such as low sensitivity and selectivity, 25 , 26 a narrow range of pH, 20 , 27 − 29 working in solutions with a high proportion of organic solvents, 26 , 30 and excitation wavelength in the ultraviolet region. 26 , 28 , 31 , 32 These limitations reduce the application of probes to monitor Cu 2+ ions in living cells.…”

“…Meanwhile, a fluorescence-based analytical method can also determine Cu 2+ ions at ppb levels, which is simpler and less expensive than the above methods. , Furthermore, a fluorescence-based analytical method can be used to monitor substances in living cells to detect abnormal cases and causes of diseases. − Therefore, the development of new fluorescent probes for Cu 2+ ions has attracted special attention of scientists. − So far, many fluorescent probes for Cu 2+ ions have been reported. The development of new fluorescent probes is, however, still being concerned due to the limitations of reported probes such as low sensitivity and selectivity, , a narrow range of pH, ,− working in solutions with a high proportion of organic solvents, , and excitation wavelength in the ultraviolet region. ,,, These limitations reduce the application of probes to monitor Cu 2+ ions in living cells.…”