A Conjecture: No Dark Matter will be discovered at LHC, or elsewhere

Maes, Stéphane

doi:10.31219/osf.io/pyj3b

Cited by 5 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…We conclude by explaining how other papers on the island formula and replica trick encountered the new lifecycle for black holes, that we had proposed in [1,56], where small extremal black holes split up into smaller black holes, with violation of the strict weak gravity conjecture (WGC). This validates the first steps of our proposal of the ultimate unification (UU) [1,57,58].…”

Section: Note Added Onsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Multi-fold universes and the real universe [6] shows that multi-fold are encountered in GR at Planck scales. Along with other results, like [1,40,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61]76,79,256], that shows how SM G seems to contribute to addressing open issues with the SM, and the Standard cosmological model, or even how we encounter superstrings [1,[14][15][16][17][18][19][20]40,129], it leads us to assert that our real universe is multi-fold.…”

Section: Lessons So Farmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The equivalence principle can also be recovered from this analysis [1,103] [1,6] show that the multi-fold spacetime reconstruction recovers GR from the contribution of entangled massless virtual pairs emitted by mass and energy sources. Except for neutrinos that closely match massless gravity, we also encounter massive gravity with range matching the ranges of these carriers, which corresponds roughly to the scales of the Standard Model (SM) [1,26], contributing to justify the SM G , which seems to address many open issues with the SM and the standard cosmological model [1,40,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61]76,79,256]. Such massive gravity looks like GR with possibly different coupling constants at such scales, and at semi classical and classical scales GR is recovered [1,6], especially with the top-down-up-and-upper reconstruction algorithm of [6].…”

Section: Multi-fold Massivementioning

confidence: 99%

“…As discussed in section 6, it is not necessarily the case, and it is not the case for the small scale massive gravity contributions encountered in multi-fold universes [1,26]. Instead, they rather impact the SM scales and below, with now a standard model with gravity effects not negligible at its scales, SM G , and the standard cosmology models model [1,40,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61]76,79,256].…”

Section: Massive Gravity and Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gravity can therefore be added to the Standard Model (SM) resulting into what we define as SM G : the SM with gravity effects non-negligible at its scales. This can contribute to resolving several open issues with the Standard Model and with the standard cosmological model, without new Physics other than gravity [1,40,[55][56][57][58][59][60][61]76,79,256]. These considerations hint at an even stronger relationship between gravity and the Standard Model, as shown in [23,93,99,181].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Better Quantum Extremal Surface and Island Interpretation that Explains the Associated Massive Gravity

Maes

2023

Preprint

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In a paper about multi-fold black holes, we describe the evolution of black holes, their evaporation and entropy. With a particle-based model, we recover the correct Page curve, and resolve the black hole information paradox. Doing so we encounter a quantum extremal surface, as proposed by others using the conventional approach of the island and replica trick. In a subsequent paper, we show that the definitions of the quantum extremal surfaces coincide, while our physical interpretation are rather radically different: an horizon for the multi-folds attached to virtual particles in the multi-fold universe, versus an island à la Wheeler’s bag of gold for the conventional replica trick. We dispute as a result a widely held view that Wheeler’s bag of gold could isolate most of their content from the parent universe. Others have questioned the replica trick with its use of JT gravity, and shown that it implies massive gravity, which might not correspond to a universe where General Relativity (GR) reigns. We show, in multi-fold scenarios, that the inability for multi-folds to escape the quantum extremal surface implies massive gravity effects, while remaining able to recover GR. Therefore, we can provide microscopic mechanisms to explain how massless gravity becomes massive. We also justify relying on JT gravity, by the 2D massless Higgs bosons dilaton random walks. On the other hand, in an asymptotic AdS universe, the replica trick requires the introduction of a reservoir for the evaporated particles, beyond the boundary of AdS, otherwise evaporation can’t take place. Letting gravitons enter the reservoir implies massive gravity, while preventing them from entering the reservoir leads to a different Page curve, and therefore, no resolution of the black hole information paradox. We provide new microscopic interpretations to these scenarios, explaining away these issues, and dealing with the encounter of quantum extremal surface outside the black hole in the presence of a thermal bath. Doing so, we confirms the better suitability of the multi-fold interpretation of the quantum extrema surface, and island, while supporting the replica trick and island formula approach, and resolving the black hole information paradox once and for all.Already knowing that multi-folds appear with GR at Planck scales, and with other hints, the multi-fold analysis applies to our real universe, and the paper provides a microscopic interpretation of quantum extremal surfaces, the correct page curve, the resolution of the black hole information paradox, and the apparition of massive gravity associated to quantum extremal surfaces.From the island formula and replica trick at low masses, we encounter hints of our past proposal for new life cycles of black holes (small extremal black holes splitting into another extremal black hole and an evaporating black hole), which invalidate the strict Weak Gravity Conjecture, and justify the Ultimate Unification (UU) proposal. It is quite a confirmation.

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Section: Note Added Onsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Lessons So Farmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Multi-fold Massivementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Massive Gravity and Grmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Better Quantum Extremal Surface and Island Interpretation that Explains the Associated Massive Gravity

Maes

2023

Preprint

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Multi-folds, Non-Commutative Spacetime, Spin, and All That

Maes

2024

Preprint

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In the original multi-fold paper, we provided a review of lesser known details on spin, leading to the insights that spin is not a relativistic concept, even if naturally best modeled with relativity and Poincaré symmetries, and that it could also be seen as a rotation of energy, plausibly associated to rotations of the wave function. A toy multi-fold mechanism for these rotations was suggested, as food for thoughts. The multi-fold W-type hypothesis can be added to the picture as an additional source for angular momentum to potentially explains why the rotation f the wave function carries angular momentum..In the present paper, we revisit these results and concepts. Then we discuss additional little known insights about spin. In particular, how fermions imply non-commutative spacetime, and conversely; while bosons do not. Then, we show that any theory with fermions, e.g., quantum theory, implies a non-commutative spacetime in a range of small spatial scales. Then we discuss how one can see that quantum Physics, considered fermionic, and gravity or general relativity, considered bosonic, conventionally and in multi-fold universes. In particular we link spacetime non-commutativity, zitterbewegung with the notion of fermions and bosons, and the spin statistic theorem; providing a new derivation of the latter. Accordingly, massive fermions have sizes that feels the spacetime non-commutativity which results into zitterbewegung at energies where they are massive and transversal momentum uncertainties of the non-commutative spacetime when massless. On the other hand, bosons, massive or massless, have sizes that hide the spacetime non-commutative effects. In multi-fold universe, spacetime is non-commutative in a spatial scale range, and this interpretation directly aligns with the toy multi-fold spin model. The paper introduces new, but equivalent definitions for fermions and bosons, and a versions of the Weinberg-Witten theorem, that now more explicitly hints at unphysicality of gravitons.

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Justifying the Standard Model U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) Symmetry in a Multi-fold Universe

Maes

2023

Preprint

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Group theory is a good way to study Particle Physics, when all the details are not known. U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) is a good example as the symmetry group of the Standard Model (SM). It is well established, yet it is still a mystery why these symmetries, and why not a different or bigger group. It is what motivated efforts in the direction of Grand Unification Theories (GUTs).The paper starts with an analysis of multi-fold aspects inspired from the Geometric Unity (GU). The first stages of the GU approach are contrasted with the multi-fold space time matter induction approach. It leads to different ways to characterize the symmetries of the 4D spacetime in the embedding space: Two unoriented 7D space time, tagged to cover a left and a right chirality, undefined in 7D, and therefore a Spin(7,7) symmetry. Spin (7,7) can be reduced by symmetry breaking to Sl(2,ℂ) x U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3), via a whole bunch of different paths and possible interim symmetries. The first term corresponds to General Relativity (GR) in 4D with Lorentz symmetries, while the rest are the SM symmetries associated to Quantum Physics. This 7D space, with chiral labels, is a local 7D ε neighborhood seen from the 4D spacetime, through multi-fold entry, exit or mapping points, locally embedding it, without Physics in it and implementing space time matter induction and scattering in the 4D multi-fold spacetime, ensuring U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) for the SM, and induction of the SM particles. Indeed, the doubling of the spacetime sharing time as 7D embedding space explains the algebra doubling on non-commutative geometry in 4D that also predicts the SM particles. Revisiting the multi-fold mechanisms, we explicitly detail why a multi-fold spacetime carries U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) symmetries, in addition to Lorentz symmetry: U(1) is the symmetry of the paths on the multi-folds (as circles on the surface of 3D spheres), SU(2) is the axial symmetry of the multi-fold mechanisms, and SU(3) is the 3D symmetry for the multi-fold axis choices. These symmetries transfer to the embedding 7D space (ε neighborhood),generated by the multi-folds. Also, GR reigns in that space, Ricci flat or Einsteinian. This way, traversable wormholes, thanks to right-handed neutrinos, could implement multi-folds. Additional considerations on traversability of wormholes are also discussed, in particular introducing effects like Casimir without 7D Physics.Explaining why SM has the symmetry that it has is quite unique. As far as we know, it has not been possible so far to derive a convincing explanation for why, larger symmetry breaking result into a remaining U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) symmetry for the SM. Most papers either show compatibility with U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) symmetries that are then assumed, or how larger symmetries could lead to U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3); but in general, not why this symmetry.So far, the GUTs failures to provide such an explanation, made U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) even more puzzling. Because of how tied the SM symmetries are to the multi-fold mechanisms, and the embedding ε space perception, it may be another hint that our universe could be well modeled with multi-folds. The absence of larger symmetries is also a way to explain why no GUTs or supersymmetry exist, and to confirm our past prediction for a fundamental particle desert above the energy scale of the multi-fold gravity electroweak symmetry breaking.The symmetries of the 4D spacetime, the SM and the 7D embedding space can also become first step towards more quantitative sketches of the multi-fold action, Lagrangian or Hamiltonian.A consequence of this paper is that GR, or the Hilbert Einstein action contains fully the Standard Model and therefore the Standard Model (SM) (with gravity, i.e., the SMG). And there is no need to invoke fine-tuning or multiverses to explain our universe.

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A Conjecture: No Dark Matter will be discovered at LHC, or elsewhere

Cited by 5 publications

References 45 publications

A Better Quantum Extremal Surface and Island Interpretation that Explains the Associated Massive Gravity

A Better Quantum Extremal Surface and Island Interpretation that Explains the Associated Massive Gravity

Multi-folds, Non-Commutative Spacetime, Spin, and All That

Justifying the Standard Model U(1) x SU(2) x SU(3) Symmetry in a Multi-fold Universe

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