A Conductivity Liquid Level Detector for the Nuclear Reactor Environment

Abstract

An electrical conductivity-sensitive liquid level transducer (LLT)

Design of a Calibrated Liquid Level Sensor Transducer for Detecting Rainfall of Botanic Garden

“…In order to quickly understand the change of liquid level, a monitoring device, which is with the provision of inexpensive, miniaturized liquid level sensor and conversion systems, clearly provides significant economic and environmental benefits. Previous works [1]- [19] are excellently presented to measure the liquid level. The principles of these works are based on capacitive [1], [2], high-frequencywave [3]- [5], optical [6]- [16], inductive [17], and resistive [18], [19] techniques.…”

“…Previous works [1]- [19] are excellently presented to measure the liquid level. The principles of these works are based on capacitive [1], [2], high-frequencywave [3]- [5], optical [6]- [16], inductive [17], and resistive [18], [19] techniques. Although previous designs are excellent, most designs must install specific hardware or software to detect the liquid level, resulting in unacceptable costs.…”

A CMOS liquid level to frequency converter with calibration circuits for detecting liquid level of intravenous drip

“…Thus, if a detector can always help them to monitor the liquid level of intravenous drip, it will largely help them in the medical service. Till now, methods of measuring liquid level have been proposed, such as capacitive [1]- [2], high-frequency-wave [3]- [5], optical [6]- [13], inductive [14], and resistive [15]- [16] liquid level sensors. Although previous works [1]- [16] are excellent, they are not suitable for medical applications.…”

“…Moreover, the outputs of the proposed chip are directly digitized, it could be easily sent over a wide range of transmission media, such as PSN, radio, optical, IR, ultrasonic, and etc. Compared to other types of liquid level sensors [1]- [16], the cost is less and can be disposable after one use. In order to solve the inherent non-linearity problem coming from circuits and satisfy for various intravenous drips, a calibration technique is proposed to make the output frequency more accurate.…”