A Concise Review on Synthesis of Sulfoxides and Sulfones with Special Reference to Oxidation of Sulfides

Abstract

A large variety of organosulfur compounds have been shown to having diverse biological effects such as antioxidant effects, anti-inflammatory properties, inhibition of platelet aggregation, reduction of systolic blood pressure, and reduction of cholesterol. Among these, sulfoxides and sulfones show wide and significant applications as commodity chemical in various fields of chemistry. Therefore, synthesis of sulfoxides as well as sulfones has remained a point of attraction for synthetic organic chemists. Among array of methods used to synthesize the sulfoxides or sulfones, oxidation of sulfide is the most convenient way. This review precises chemoselective methods for the synthesis of the sulfoxides as well as sulfones focusing on oxidative protocols. This review will aid researchers to explore and utilise the mentioned protocols for different organic transformations.

Synthesis and Applications of Periodate for Fine Chemicals and Important Pharmaceuticals

“…Related oxidations utilize periodate for the cleavage of C–C double bonds in conjunction with a catalystformally a sequence of a dihydroxylation followed by the Malaprade oxidation. Typical catalysts are osmium tetroxide (Lemieux–Johnson), ruthenium tetroxide (formed in situ from suitable salts such as RuCl 3 or RuO 2 ), or permanganate (Lemieux–von Rudloff). − Other uses of periodate are the oxidation of chalcogenidesespecially sulfur compounds, , the epoxidation of alkenes, − formation of azobenzene derivatives, − and various quinone syntheses ,, and will be outlined in the later chapters of this review (Scheme ).…”

Synthesis of Polysubstituted Ferrocenesulfoxides

“…During the last decades, the sulfoxide group (of general formula RSOR’) has attracted the interest of chemists because of its good accessibility and specific reactivity [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 ]. An additional feature of sulfoxides lies in their chirality (when R ≠ R’) which can be used to control the stereochemical outcome of many transformations [ 11 ].…”

Ligand-Enabled Gold-Catalyzed C(sp2)–S Cross-Coupling Reactions

“…Because of such vast applications, several methods have been developed to efficiently access the biaryl sulfones. Among these, the most classical method is the exhaustive oxidation of the respective sulfides using strong external oxidants . However, this strategy suffers from serious drawbacks; for instance, (1) the use of strong oxidants limits the functional group compatibility of the substrates, and (2) sulfoxide is often a side product in these reactions because of the incomplete oxidation of sulfide.…”

“…Among these, the most classical method is the exhaustive oxidation of the respective sulfides using strong external oxidants. 6 However, this strategy suffers from serious drawbacks; for instance, (1) the use of strong oxidants limits the functional group compatibility of the substrates, and (2) sulfoxide is often a side product in these reactions because of the incomplete oxidation of sulfide. In addition, it requires a C−S bond to be forged 7 prior to oxidation, which demands the use of toxic and odious thiols.…”