A conceptual model of risk and protective factors associated with internalizing symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A scoping review, synthesis, and call for more research

Yarger, Heather A.; Redcay, Elizabeth

doi:10.1017/s095457942000084x

Cited by 13 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 164 publications

(162 reference statements)

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“…Similarly, while VR was found to improve other types of avoidance (e.g., agoraphobic avoidance, cognitive avoidance, food avoidance, and alcohol-approach avoidance) that are linked to disorders outside of the anxiety category (e.g., psychosis, PTSD, substance-use disorders, and eating disorders, respectively) [ 40 , 43 , 48 , 53 , 57 ], our review of the literature was not able to find more than a few studies for these factors and clinical populations. Indeed, since the literature showed that different kinds of avoidance can be involved in the maintenance or development of different kinds of pathologies [ 81 , 82 , 83 ], investing in a VR software capable of tackling this factor transdiagnostically would be of clinical relevance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Virtual Reality in Targeting Transdiagnostic Factors for Mental Health: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Gardini

Gamberini

Müller

et al. 2022

JCM

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Virtual reality (VR) was found to be effective in the treatment of several specific psychopathologies. However, the effects of VR-based interventions beyond the disorder-specific approach and their ability to improve transdiagnostic factors of mental disorders are unknown. This PRISMA systematic review was conducted using databases PubMed and PsycINFO, searching articles published between 2010 and September 2022. Keywords “emotion regulation”, “cognitive reappraisal”, “avoidance”, “impulsivity”, “aggression”, and “disinhibition” were combined with “virtual reality” to retrieve studies showing the effects of VR-based interventions on these transdiagnostic factors. 29 experimental studies and seven case-studies were selected. A total of 23 considered avoidance, eight dealt with emotion regulation, three concerned aggression, two addressed impulsivity, two dealt with cognitive reappraisal, and none examined disinhibition. Most of the studies included anxiety disorder patients (n = 15), especially with specific phobias (n = 8) and social anxiety disorder (n = 4). VR managed to improve all transdiagnostic factors, with results often maintained at follow-ups (n = 21 studies; range: 1–12 months) and similar to traditional interventions (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy). Exploring the transdiagnostic potential of VR may help to reduce costs and improve applicability in clinical psychology. While results were promising, further studies are needed for aggression, impulsivity and cognitive reappraisal, especially including follow-ups, comparisons with first-line treatments, and understudied clinical populations.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effects of Virtual Reality in Targeting Transdiagnostic Factors for Mental Health: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Gardini

Gamberini

Müller

et al. 2022

JCM

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“…In particular, positive self-perception, positive parenting, and social acceptance were found to provide buffers against the negative effects of ADHD-related symptoms [61••]. To date, studies concerning protective factors in individuals with ASD are scarce [62] and mainly focused on protective factors for the development of internalizing symptoms [63], assuming that less internalizing symptoms would lead to better HRQoL. More specifically, the studies particularly focused on positive parenting and positive peer relationships as protective factors.…”

Section: Future Directions For Research: Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More specifically, the studies particularly focused on positive parenting and positive peer relationships as protective factors. The results of the review showed that, in regard to positive parenting studies, results were inconclusive, but positive peer relationships were found to act as a protective factor for internalizing problems [63]. In DCD, the focus of research has mainly been on protective factors that increase resilience to mental health problems, such as high IQ, high self-esteem, good social communication skills, and absence of bullying [64].…”

Section: Future Directions For Research: Protective Factorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Developmental Disorders

Schoemaker

Houwen

2021

Curr Dev Disord Rep

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Purpose of Review (1) To give an overview of what is currently known about health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in three common and co-occurring developmental disorders: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism spectrum disorders (ASD), and developmental coordination disorder (DCD), and (2) to provide directions for future research. Recent Findings HRQoL is compromised in all three developmental disorders, affecting various domains of HRQoL. However, some domains are more affected than others depending on the nature of the core deficits of the disorder. Overall, parents’ rate HRQoL of their children lower than the children themselves. Children with ASD and ADHD with co-occurring disorders have lower HRQoL compared to those with singular disorders. Future studies in DCD are needed to investigate the effect of co-occurring disorder in this population. Summary Children with developmental disorders have lower HRQoL than typically developing children. Future research should focus on the effects of co-occurring disorders on HRQoL and on protective factors that may increase HRQoL. HRQoL should be a part of clinical assessment, as it reveals the areas in life children are struggling with that could be targeted during intervention.

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“…Several studies have examined whether co‐occurring ID is associated with the presence of internalizing and externalizing problems among autistic children and adolescents (Mayes et al, 2022; Yarger & Redcay, 2020) but findings have been inconsistent. While some studies have suggested that co‐occurring ID may exacerbate some types of internalizing and externalizing problems in autistic children (Kurzius‐Spencer et al, 2018; Mayes, Calhoun, Murray, Ahuja, & Smith, 2011; Totsika, Hastings, Emerson, Lancaster, & Berridge, 2011) others have found no significant association between ID and conduct disorders in autistic children (Goldin et al, 2014; Simonoff et al, 2008) or between IQ scores and internalizing problems (Gjevik et al, 2011; Simonoff et al, 2008; Strang et al, 2012; van Steensel et al, 2013).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of cognitive and adaptive skills with internalizing and externalizing problems in autistic children and adolescents

Donoso,

Rattray,

de Bildt

et al. 2023

Autism Research

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The presence of an intellectual disability (ID) alongside autism is considered to increase the risk for mental health and behavior problems in children and adolescents. Existing evidence is restricted by looking at ID as a categorical classification. The study aimed to examine the association of cognitive and adaptive behavior skills with internalizing and externalizing problems in a large sample of autistic children and adolescents, across a wide range of cognitive skills. Participants were 2759 children and adolescents aged between 4 and 18 years recruited as part of the Simons Simplex Collection (SSC), of whom 709 (approximately 25%) had ID. Multiple regression models examined associations of internalizing and externalizing problems with cognitive and adaptive skills (communication, daily living, and socialization skills). Cognitive skills were not associated with externalizing problems but were associated with more internalizing problems in autistic children without ID (Cog β: 0.126). All adaptive skill domains were inversely associated with externalizing (Communication β: −0.145; Daily‐Living β: −0.132; Socialization β: −0.289) and internalizing problems (Communication β: −0.074; Daily‐Living β: −0.064; Socialization β: −0.213) in those without ID. Daily living (β: −0.158) and socialization skills (β: −0.104) were inversely correlated with externalizing problems in autistic children with ID, while only socialization problems (β: −0.099) were associated with internalizing problems in this group. Socialization skills were systematically associated with internalizing and externalizing problems across all levels of cognitive functioning. Supporting social skills development may benefit all aspects of child mental health, while recognizing that children with higher cognitive skills are more vulnerable to internalizing problems might assist with earlier identification of these problems.

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A conceptual model of risk and protective factors associated with internalizing symptoms in autism spectrum disorder: A scoping review, synthesis, and call for more research

Cited by 13 publications

References 164 publications

The Effects of Virtual Reality in Targeting Transdiagnostic Factors for Mental Health: A Systematic Review of the Literature

The Effects of Virtual Reality in Targeting Transdiagnostic Factors for Mental Health: A Systematic Review of the Literature

Health-Related Quality of Life in Children with Developmental Disorders

Association of cognitive and adaptive skills with internalizing and externalizing problems in autistic children and adolescents

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