A computerized method of analyzing and playing back vibratory animal signals

Wilcox, R. Stimson; Kashinsky, Wayne

doi:10.3758/bf03201676

Cited by 11 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…'Weak' wind was 15-20 cm/s, and 'strong' wind was 30-40 cm/s. We simulated the struggling of insect prey on the web by gluing a samariumcobalt magnet to a 4-mm-square 2-mm-thick piece of cork, adhering the cork to a web, then shaking the web by vibrating the cork with a 20 Hz sine wave (a major frequency found in many prey species of insects: R. S. Wilcox & R. R. Jackson, unpublished data) played through a power generator into a coil of magnet wire held near the cork (see Wilcox & Kashinsky 1980). Weak magnet 'struggles' oscillated the cork up and down about 2 mm, strong struggles about 5 mm.…”

Section: Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiderweb smokescreens: spider trickster uses background noise to mask stalking movements

1996

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Abstract. The stalking behaviour of four species of jumping spiders, Portia fimbriata, P. labiata, P. schultzi and P. africana, was examined to determine whether Portia opportunistically exploits situations in which the prey spider is distracted by environmental disturbances. Disturbances were created mainly by wind blowing on webs and a magnet shaking webs. All four Portia species moved significantly further during disturbance than during non-disturbance, a behaviour labelled 'opportunistic smokescreen behaviour'. Portia can discriminate between spiders and other prey such as live insects, wrapped-up insects in the web, and egg sacs, because Portia used opportunistic smokescreen behaviour only against spiders and not against these other types of prey. If the location of disturbances and the location of prey differ, Portia can accurately discriminate between them. Portia's smokescreen behaviour apparently is a true predatory tactic because Portia attacked prey more often during disturbances than at other times. Smokescreen behaviour appears to work in part because the disturbances that Portia uses for smokescreens interfere with the prey's ability to sense Portia's stalking movements.

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Section: Disturbancesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spiderweb smokescreens: spider trickster uses background noise to mask stalking movements

1996

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“…After we discovered that males produce pre-copulatory signals on the water's surface we set out to record these vibrations. The method of recording ripple signals relied upon the basic principle of Wilcox & Kashinsky [37] 's sensor. The recorder consisted of a small Styrofoam ball attached to the end of a classical voltmeter stylus, which was connected to an amplifier.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Female Genitalia Concealment Promotes Intimate Male Courtship in a Water Strider

Han

Jabłoński

2009

PLoS ONE

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Violent coercive mating initiation is typical for animals with sexual conflict over mating. In these species, the coevolutionary arms-race between female defenses against coercive mating and male counter-adaptations for increased mating success leads to coevolutionary chases of male and female traits that influence the mating. It has been controversial whether one of the sexes can evolve traits that allow them to “win” this arms race. Here, we use morphological analysis (traditional and scanning electron micrographs), laboratory experiments and comparative methods to show how females of a species characterized by typical coercive mating initiation appear to “win” a particular stage of the sexual conflict by evolving morphology to hide their genitalia from direct, forceful access by males. In an apparent response to the female morphological adaptation, males of this species added to their typically violent coercive mounting of the female new post-mounting, pre-copulatory courtship signals produced by tapping the water's surface with the mid-legs. These courtship signals are intimate in the sense that they are aimed at the female, on whom the male is already mounted. Females respond to the signals by exposing their hidden genitalia for copulatory intromission. Our results indicate that the apparent victory of coevolutionary arms race by one sex in terms of morphology may trigger evolution of a behavioral phenotype in the opposite sex.

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Surface Wave Reception in Invertebrates and Vertebrates

Wilcox

1988

Sensory Biology of Aquatic Animals

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A computerized method of analyzing and playing back vibratory animal signals

Cited by 11 publications

References 2 publications

Spiderweb smokescreens: spider trickster uses background noise to mask stalking movements

Spiderweb smokescreens: spider trickster uses background noise to mask stalking movements

Female Genitalia Concealment Promotes Intimate Male Courtship in a Water Strider

Surface Wave Reception in Invertebrates and Vertebrates

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