We have developed a computer program, which is now available in the Philips
IntroductionComputerized analysis of electrocardiogram (ECG) including a serial ECG comparison algorithm has been a successful and widely accepted automated clinical application in the last few decades [1][2][3][4][5]. Commercial systems are available that provide valuable assistance in ECG management and automated serial ECG comparison analysis [6][7]. The increasing storage capacity and connectivity of modern electrocardiograph and computer systems make it possible to manage a large ECG database for online access. When a previous ECG is available, the cardiologist ECG reader not only determine the abnormal conditions of the current ECG, but also examines the serial changes in rhythm and morphology in reference to the previous ECG. The availability of a previous ECG for serial comparison is one of the most important clinical pieces of information necessary to improve ECG diagnosis accuracy. The previous ECG becomes more important in ECG diagnosis if significant differences have arisen since the previous ECG. Significant changes in rhythm or morphology in reference to the previous ECG are of clinical concern. Expert cardiologists strongly believe that ECG diagnosis is incomplete without a comparison to previous ECGs. This serial ECG comparison algorithm was originally developed in 1990 [1], and the algorithm has been since then routinely used at the Heart Station of University of Florida and the Heart Station of Duke University Medical Center. Recently, the program was further refined and enhanced, and is now integrated into the newly designed Philips TracemasterVue ECG Management System. The purpose of this paper is to report the newly revised serial comparison algorithm design, particularly in areas of acute myocardial infarct (AMI) and the performance results from recently conducted validation tests.
Serial Comparison Algorithm DesignA serial comparison algorithm is most helpful in AMI diagnosis and in tracking the evolution of an AMI. ECG presenting rapid changes. A single ECG often does not provide adequate information for diagnosis unless it is compared to a series of previous ECGs. In addition to comparing ECG statements and detecting significant waveform changes, our serial comparison algorithm is designed to track and report the infarct evolution to better serve the cardiologist ECG readers. The serial comparison work flow, definition for AMI evolution status, and criteria for serial changes in AMI are described in detail below.
Serial Comparison Work FlowThe algorithm compares two ECGs at a time based on combined waveform measurements and the diagnostic