A computational tool for the estimation of the optimum gradient magnetic field for the magnetic driving of the spherical particles in the process of cleaning water

Karvelas, Evangelos; Lampropoulos, N. K.; Karakasidis, Theodoros E.; Sarris, Ioannis E.

doi:10.5004/dwt.2017.21545

Cited by 16 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…However, the values of these four indices in most parts of the area were below the critical levels. Wells 8,11,and 19, are classified as unsuitable for drinking purposes due to an excessive amount of Cd. Additionally, well 7 was polluted by Se, while concentration of Sb in wells 3, 4, 16, and 18 showed higher than the permissible limits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There are various methods for dealing with heavy metal pollution in groundwater resources. These could be pumped and treated [6], be absorbed [7] by various kinds of absorbents [8], captured by nanoparticles [9] in micromixers [10,11], and removed by more natural solutions like wetlands [12]. However, implementing any remedy measure needs sufficient understanding of the situation and reliable inclusive assessment of the potential risk.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Maskooni

Naseri-Rad

Berndtsson

et al. 2020

Water

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Groundwater is a major source of drinking and agricultural water supply in arid and semiarid regions. Poor groundwater quality can be a threat to human health especially when it is combined with hazardous pollutants like heavy metals. In this study, an innovative method involving entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content was used for a semiarid region. The entropy weighted index was used to assess the groundwater’s suitability for drinking and irrigation purposes. Thus, groundwater from 19 sampling sites was used for analyses of physicochemical properties (electrical conductivity—EC, pH, K+, Ca2+, Na+, SO42−, Cl−, HCO3−, TDS, NO3−, F−, biochemical oxygen demand—BOD, dissolved oxygen—DO, and chemical oxygen demand—COD) and heavy metal content (As, Ca, Sb, Se, Zn, Cu, Ba, Mn, and Cr). To evaluate the overall pollution status in the region, heavy metal indices such as the modified heavy metal pollution index (m-HPI), heavy metal evaluation index (HEI), Nemerow index (NeI), and ecological risks of heavy metals (ERI) were calculated and compared. The results showed that Cd concentration plays a significant role in negatively affecting the groundwater quality. Thus, three wells were classified as poor water quality and not acceptable for drinking water supply. The maximum concentration of heavy metals such as Cd, Se, and Sb was higher than permissible limits by the World Health Organization (WHO) standards. However, all wells except one were suitable for agricultural purposes. The advantage of the innovative entropy weighted groundwater quality index for both physicochemical and heavy metal content, is that it permits objectivity when selecting the weights and reduces the error that may be caused by subjectivity. Thus, the new index can be used by groundwater managers and policymakers to better decide the water’s suitability for consumption.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Maskooni

Naseri-Rad

Berndtsson

et al. 2020

Water

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“…Fe 3 O 4 particles encapsulated in thiol-containing polymers have also been reported, and their efficiency to remove Ag + , Hg 2+ , and Pb 2+ ions has been evaluated [28]. The combination of nanotechnology and microfluidics may offer an effective water and wastewater treatment [29][30][31]. Furthermore, this combination can provide new treatment capabilities that could allow economic utilization of unconventional water sources to expand the water supply.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Micromixing Efficiency of Particles in Heavy Metal Removal Processes under Various Inlet Conditions

Karvelas

Liosis

Benos

et al. 2019

Water

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Water quality problems are a persistent global issue since population growth has continually stressed hydrological resources. Heavy metals released into the environment from plating plants, mining, and alloy manufacturing pose a significant threat to the public health. A possible solution for water purification from heavy metals is to capture them by using nanoparticles in micromixers. In this method, conventionally heavy metal capture is achieved by effectively mixing two streams, a particle solution and the contaminated water, under the action of external magnetic fields. In the present study, we investigated the effective mixing of iron oxide nanoparticles and water without the use of external magnetic fields. For this reason, the mixing of particles and the contaminated water was studied for various inlet velocity ratios and inflow angles of the two streams using computational fluid dynamics techniques. The Navier-Stokes equations were solved for the water flow, the discrete motion of particles was evaluated by a Lagrangian method, while the flow of substances of the contaminated water was studied by a scalar transport equation. Results showed that as the velocity ratio between the inlet streams increased, the mixing of particles with the contaminated water was increased. Therefore, nanoparticles were more uniformly distributed in the duct and efficiently absorbed the substances of the contaminated water. On the other hand, the angle between two streams was found to play an insignificant role in the mixing process. Consequently, the results from this study could be used in the design of more compact and cost efficient micromixer devices.

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“…The angle between the two inflow ducts is found to have a minor effect on the mixing process that is intensified as θ increases. Our results justify the use of electromagnetic stirring of the particles in the micromixer as in [8].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

“…Advances in nanotechnology offer great opportunities in the treatment of water [8]. The combination of nanotechnology and microfluidics may offer an effective water and wastewater treatment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mixing of Particles in Micromixers under Different Angles and Velocities of the Incoming Water

et al. 2018

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Abstract:A possible solution for water purification from heavy metals is to capture them by using nanoparticles in microfluidic ducts. In this technique, heavy metal capture is achieved by effectively mixing two streams, a nanoparticle solution and the contaminated water. In the present work, particles and water mixing is numerically studied for various inlet velocity ratios and inflow angles of the two streams. The Navier-Stokes equations are solved for the water flow while the discrete motion of particles is evaluated by a Lagrangian method. Results showed that as the velocity ratio between the inlet streams increases, by increasing the particles solution flow, the mixing of particles with the contaminated water is increased. Thus, nanoparticles are more uniformly distributed in the duct. On the other hand, angle increase between the inflow streams ducts is found to be less significant.

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A computational tool for the estimation of the optimum gradient magnetic field for the magnetic driving of the spherical particles in the process of cleaning water

Cited by 16 publications

References 15 publications

Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Use of Heavy Metal Content and Modified Water Quality Index to Assess Groundwater Quality in a Semiarid Area

Micromixing Efficiency of Particles in Heavy Metal Removal Processes under Various Inlet Conditions

Mixing of Particles in Micromixers under Different Angles and Velocities of the Incoming Water

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