A Comprehensive Wellbore/Reservoir Simulator

Abstract

This paperde'scribes a fully implicit, three dimensional thermal numerical model for simulating flow through a porous media and through a wellbore. Darcy's law is used together with conservation of energy and mass to model flow in the porous media. The wellbore simulator is a time dependent, thermal, three-phase, one dimensional model which conserves energy, momentum of all phases and mass. Wellbore grid blocks are embedded in reservoir grid blocks. Variables in the reservoir and wellbore are solved for simultaneously. Many options are included in the wellbore simulator including the ability to model parallel flow in inner tubing and outer annuli and specification of slant angles or other parameters per wellbore grid block.This coupled model is targeted mainly at horizontal well or other applications in which a high degree of dynamic interaction occurs between the wellbore and reservoir.

Comprehensive Design and Manufacturing Solutions for Sand Control and Tooling towards Enhanced Oil Recovery

“…4, November 2017 flow underground with reference to geological data, we can assess the tendencies of steam and predict how it will behave underground. Multiphase flow is a type of flow that often results in liquid carry over in the gas phase and gas entrainment (including natural gas and steam) in the liquid phase [13], [14].…”

“…Significant amount of iron sulfide [51], [52], heavy buildup of other corrosion products, clay fines and sands have been observed in the plugged slots, choking them gradually [53]. Hydrogen significantly reduces the corrosion resistan`ce of carbon steel [50], [54], [55] and weakens the structure's mechanical strength [56] that is important to withstand thermal strains and strain localization [14], [57]. The synergistic effect between the electrochemical corrosion and plastic deformation causes damage of the structural materials much faster than each factor acts alone [58]- [60].…”

“…Oballa et al [13] performed numerical analysis and demonstrated the effect of wellbore flow on reservoir behavior in terms of breakthrough time, and uneven communication between the wellbore and the reservoir. Several approaches have been introduced to incorporate wellbore flow in SAGD analysis [14]- [16]. They showed that discretized wellbore approach should be used for SAGD because: (1) the effect of the heat conduction between the wells and the reservoir is considerable; (2) large flow rates are expected; (3) frictional pressure drop in the injection/production wells is considerable; and, (4) reservoirs are not homogenous.…”

Advanced Completion and Stimulation Design Model for Maximum Reservoir Contact Wells

“…This assumption allows transforming the 3D equations to a 1D transport equation in the tubing, liner and annulus section. Several one dimensional numerical models for wellbore flow have been presented in the literature within the context of well modeling in general purpose reservoir simulation and modeling multiphase flow in pipe [12][13][14] . In this paper, the governing equations and their discretizations are applied to model transient well injection processes such as stimulation and fluid placement.…”

Coupled numerical simulation of multi-layer reservoir developed by lean-stratified water injection

“…Reservoir numerical simulation methods considering LSWI contain injected water deduplication by many injection wells and coupled simulation for water chokes, injection well and reservoir. The former is suitable for reservoir possessed enough injectivity test data, and the water injection rate can be calculated by real-time monitoring test data, and these values can be used as inner boundary condition in model (Dumkwu et al 2012;Villanueva-Triana et al 2013;Stone et al 1989;Ding 2011), practically, injectivity test data are very few, so the complete injection process cannot be represented by them (Gao et al 2015). The latter needs enough data of injection well devices, such as diameters of water chokes, which should be used to calculate the pressure loss coupled with well bottom pressure (BHP) and reservoir pressure (Zhao et al 2012;Lin et al 2011), and this results in quit complex calculation.…”