A Comprehensive Survey on Hybrid Communication in Context of Molecular Communication and Terahertz Communication for Body-Centric Nanonetworks

Yang, Ke; Bi, Dadi; Deng, Yansha; Zhang, Rui; Rahman, Muhammad Mahboob Ur; Ali, Najah Abu; Imran, Muhammad Ali; Jornet, Josep Miquel; Abbasi, Qammer H.; Alomainy, Akram

doi:10.1109/tmbmc.2020.3017146

Cited by 66 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 212 publications

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“…General Survey [21] Applications in Medicine [22,23,24] Applications in Biology [11,10,25,26] Applications in Nanonetworking [27,28,29] Channel Models [30] Information Theoretic Limits [14,13] Modulation and Equalization [8,9,31] Synaptic Communication [32] The vast majority of the existing surveys have focused on applications. A key novel aspect of this survey is its focus on methodology.…”

Section: Topic Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic reaction and diffusion systems in molecular communications: Recent results and open problems

Egan¹,

Akdeniz²,

Tang³

2022

Digital Signal Processing

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Chemical reactions and diffusion are two basic mechanisms governing the dynamics of molecules in a fluid.As such, they play a critical role in molecular communication for channel modeling, design of detection rules, implementation of molecular circuits for computation, and modeling interactions with external biochemical systems. For finite numbers of information-carrying molecules, stochastic models naturally arise with the simplest example given by the Wiener process, often known as Brownian motion. Nevertheless, the Wiener process fails to be accurate when external forces, friction, and chemical reactions are present. Recently, there have been several contributions that tailor molecular communication systems to these more challenging channel conditions. In this paper, we first overview a general family of stochastic models of reaction and diffusion systems, including both Langevin diffusion and the reaction-diffusion master equation. These models form a basis for the use of these models as molecular communication channels, from which modulation and detection schemes can be developed. We survey recent results on the design of these schemes, with a focus on a recently developed approach which is robust to a wide range of channel models, known as equilibrium signaling. We then turn to the implementation of these detection schemes and related parameter estimation problems via stochastic molecular circuits, based on stochastic chemical reaction networks. Finally, interactions between molecular communication systems and stochastic biological systems as well as open problems are discussed.Our overarching goal is to highlight how the consideration of general stochastic models of reaction and diffusion can be utilized in order to widen the application of molecular communications both within engineered systems, and also as motivation for advances in the mathematical characterization of these models.

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Section: Topic Referencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stochastic reaction and diffusion systems in molecular communications: Recent results and open problems

Egan¹,

Akdeniz²,

Tang³

2022

Digital Signal Processing

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“…As the universal IoE transceivers can use multiple communication modalities simultaneously, a novel performance limiting factor, namely the cross-modality interference emerges. For instance, when MC and EM communication are active at the same time, MC changes molecular composition of the medium, which in turn affects the propagation of EM waves in a way that molecules vibrate as a result of energy absorption from EM waves and causes the molecular absorption noise at the corresponding EM wave frequencies (Yang et al, 2020). The impact is drastic at THz and optical frequencies.…”

Section: Cross-modality Interferencementioning

confidence: 99%

Universal Transceivers: Opportunities and Future Directions for the Internet of Everything (IoE)

et al. 2021

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The Internet of Everything (IoE) is a recently introduced information and communication technology (ICT) framework promising for extending the human connectivity to the entire universe, which itself can be regarded as a natural IoE, an interconnected network of everything we perceive. The countless number of opportunities that can be enabled by IoE through a blend of heterogeneous ICT technologies across different scales and environments and a seamless interface with the natural IoE impose several fundamental challenges, such as interoperability, ubiquitous connectivity, energy efficiency, and miniaturization. The key to address these challenges is to advance our communication technology to match the multi-scale, multi-modal, and dynamic features of the natural IoE. To this end, we introduce a new communication device concept, namely the universal IoE transceiver, that encompasses transceiver architectures that are characterized by multi-modality in communication (with modalities such as molecular, RF/THz, optical and acoustic) and in energy harvesting (with modalities such as mechanical, solar, biochemical), modularity, tunability, and scalability. Focusing on these fundamental traits, we provide an overview of the opportunities that can be opened up by micro/nanoscale universal transceiver architectures towards realizing the IoE applications. We also discuss the most pressing challenges in implementing such transceivers and briefly review the open research directions. Our discussion is particularly focused on the opportunities and challenges pertaining to the IoE physical layer, which can enable the efficient and effective design of higher-level techniques. We believe that such universal transceivers can pave the way for seamless connection and communication with the universe at a deeper level and pioneer the construction of the forthcoming IoE landscape.Index Terms– Internet of Everything, Universal IoE Transceiver, Interoperability, Multi-modality, Hybrid Energy Harvesting, Molecular Communications, THz Communications, Graphene and related nanomaterials.

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“…The quantum communication also suffers from privacy issues such as encryption [13] and communication [14]. The current emerging technology of blockchain is prone to authentication [15], access control [16], and communication issues [17]. THz technology has the problem of authentication [18] and malicious behavior [19], and finally VLC is again prone to communication [20] and malicious behavior problem [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multi-cell, Multi-user, and Multi-carrier Secure Communication Using Non-Orthogonal Signals’ Superposition with Dual-Transmission for IoT in 6G and Beyond

Zia

Furqan

Hamamreh

2021

RS Open Journal on Innovative Communication Technologies

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Considering the advancements of the internet of things (IoT) in 6G and beyond communications, data transmission security in IoT devices has received extensive interest because of their significant features, such as low computational complexity, led by low power requirements. In such devices, the conventional cryptographic techniques may fail to provide secure communication. To fight this drawback, physical layer security (PLS) has remarkable potential to provide security solutions suitable for such applications. In this work, a highly effective PLS technique is proposed for providing secure communication against external and internal eavesdroppers in a downlink multi-cell, multi-user, and multicarrier IoT communication system. In our proposed system, we considered two base stations, where each base station uses a single radio frequency (RF) chain to link two antennas that are used for the transmission of data. Further, we transmit the data in two rounds, and each round of transmission occurs through a single active antenna of each base station. A different antenna is used for each round of transmission to communicate with two single antenna IoT devices/users in the presence of a passive eavesdropper. In the proposed algorithm, frequency selective channel-based pre-coder matrices and the dual transmission approach are jointly employed. The dual-transmission is performed simultaneously from two base stations to provide security against internal and external eavesdroppers. The proposed system is suitable for IoT-based applications. Also, the potential capabilities of our proposed algorithm are proved by extensive mathematical and simulation analysis.

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A Comprehensive Survey on Hybrid Communication in Context of Molecular Communication and Terahertz Communication for Body-Centric Nanonetworks

Abstract: A. (2020) A comprehensive survey on hybrid communication in context of molecular communication and terahertz communication for body-centric nanonetworks. IEEE Transactions on Molecular, Biological and Multi-Scale Communications,

Cited by 66 publications

References 212 publications

Stochastic reaction and diffusion systems in molecular communications: Recent results and open problems

Stochastic reaction and diffusion systems in molecular communications: Recent results and open problems

Universal Transceivers: Opportunities and Future Directions for the Internet of Everything (IoE)

Multi-cell, Multi-user, and Multi-carrier Secure Communication Using Non-Orthogonal Signals’ Superposition with Dual-Transmission for IoT in 6G and Beyond

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