A Comprehensive Study of Methanol Kinetics in Freely-Propagating and Burner-Stabilized Flames, Flow and Static Reactors, and Shock Tubes

Egolfopoulos, Fokion N.; Du, Depeng; Law, Chung K.

doi:10.1080/00102209208951823

Cited by 128 publications

(91 citation statements)

References 46 publications

(120 reference statements)

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“…A comparison of the present data at 343 K to results from the literature is shown in Figure 5. Relevant data have been obtained at 340 K by Egolfopoulos et al 15 and are also included in the figure. These can be compared against the results by Veloo et al, 17 which were measured at 343 K using the same counterflow twin-flame technique but with a nonlinear extrapolation approach to zero stretch.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This linear extrapolation has recently been reported to lead to overestimations of the burning velocity by 5−10%. 17,19 Egolfopoulos et al 15,18 extrapolated values down to room temperature from their experimental range of 318−368 K. This linear extrapolation to 298 K might result in an underestimation of the true burning velocity at that temperature.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They used a counterflow twin-flame burner to measure the burning velocity of various hydrocarbons, including methanol and ethanol, at temperatures between 318 and 453 K for a wide range of equivalence ratios (0.5−2). 15,18 Because the typical strain rate in their flames was quite small (about 100 s −1 ), they used a linear extrapolation to zero stretch. This linear extrapolation has recently been reported to lead to overestimations of the burning velocity by 5−10%.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature Dependence of the Laminar Burning Velocity of Methanol Flames

Vancoillie

Christensen²,

Nilsson³

et al. 2012

Energy Fuels

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To better understand and predict the combustion behavior of methanol in engines, sound knowledge of the effect of the pressure, unburned mixture temperature, and composition on the laminar burning velocity is required. Because many of the existing experimental data for this property are compromised by the effects of flame stretch and instabilities, this study was aimed at obtaining new, accurate data for the laminar burning velocity of methanol−air mixtures. Non-stretched flames were stabilized on a perforated plate burner at 1 atm. The heat flux method was used to determine burning velocities under conditions when the net heat loss from the flame to the burner is zero. Equivalence ratios and initial temperatures of the unburned mixture ranged from 0.7 to 1.5 and from 298 to 358 K, respectively. Uncertainties of the measurements were analyzed and assessed experimentally. The overall accuracy of the burning velocities was estimated to be better than ±1 cm/s. In lean conditions, the correspondence with recent literature data was very good, whereas for rich mixtures, the deviation was larger. The present study supports the higher burning velocities at rich conditions, as predicted by several chemical kinetic mechanisms. The effects of the unburned mixture temperature on the laminar burning velocity of methanol were analyzed using the correlation u L = u L0 (T u /T u0 ) α . Several published expressions for the variation of the power exponent α with the equivalence ratio were compared against the present experimental results and calculations using a detailed oxidation kinetic model. Whereas most existing expressions assume a linear decrease of α with an increasing equivalence ratio, the modeling results produce a minimum in α for slightly rich mixtures. Experimental determination of α was only possible for lean to stoichiometric mixtures and a single data point at ϕ = 1.5. For these conditions, the measurement data agree with the modeling results.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Temperature Dependence of the Laminar Burning Velocity of Methanol Flames

Vancoillie

Christensen²,

Nilsson³

et al. 2012

Energy Fuels

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show abstract

“…Laboratory experiments allow more controlled conditions compared to tests in engines; methanol oxidation has been studied in flames [6][7][8], stirred reactors [9], static reactors [10,11], flow reactors [12][13][14][15], Rapid Compression Machines [16], and shock tubes [17]. Of these studies, only three have been carried out at elevated pressures, i.e.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Methanol Ignition and Oxidation at High Pressure

Aranda

Christensen

Alzueta

et al. 2013

Int J of Chemical Kinetics

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A detailed chemical kinetic model for oxidation of CH 3 OH at high pressure and intermediate temperatures has been developed and validated experimentally. Ab initio calculations and RRKM analysis were used to obtain rate coefficients for key reactions of CH 2 OH and CH 3 O (dissociation, isomerization, reaction with O 2 ). The experiments, involving CH 3 OH/O 2 mixtures diluted in N 2 , were carried out in a high pressure flow reactor at 600-900 K and 20-100 bar, varying the reaction stoichiometry from very lean to fuel-rich conditions. Under the conditions studied, the onset temperature for methanol oxidation was not dependent on the stoichiometry, while increasing pressure shifted the ignition temperature towards lower values. Model predictions of the present experimental results, as well as Rapid Compression Machine (RCM) data from the literature, were generally satisfactory. The governing reaction pathways have been outlined based on calculations with the kinetic model. Unlike what has been observed for unsaturated hydrocarbons, the oxidation 2 pathways for CH 3 OH under the investigated conditions were very similar to those prevailing at higher temperatures and lower pressures. At the high pressures, the modeling predictions for onset of reaction were particularly sensitive to the CH 3 OH+HO 2 ⇌CH 2 OH+H 2 O 2 reaction.

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“…Though the modeling of the combustion of different fuel components (hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, etc.) and the description of the corresponding mechanisms in reactors are described in the literature, [21][22][23][24][25][26][27] their validation in running engines has yet to be completed. This paper deals with the topic of qualitative and quantitative correlations between fuel formulation and individual hydrocarbon emissions obtained in a Cooperating Fuel Research (CFR) spark ignition engine.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Influence of Gasoline Formulation on Specific Pollutant Emissions

Zervas

Montagne

Lahaye

1999

Journal of the Air & Waste Management Association

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Many recent works have dealt with the influence of fuel composition on regulated and specific pollutant emissions from spark ignition engines. While many qualitative correlations have been already proposed, only a few quantitative ones are known (benzene remains an exception).This paper describes qualitative and quantitative correlations between fuel composition and specific pollutant emissions (individual hydrocarbons, aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, and organic acids) of a spark ignition engine. The aim of this work was to find the precursors of the main specific pollutants. Then, for each of them, a multilinear equation has been calculated, illustrating the correlation between its concentration in exhaust gases and its content in the fuel. The results of these calculations point out which initial compound favors the formation of a determined pollutant. As lean conditions are probably going to be used in future commercial engines, the fuel effect has been studied for a broad range of equivalence ratios (from 0.8 to 1.2).Two fuel matrixes were designed. The first one was obtained by introducing eight pure hydrocarbons (nC 6 , nC 8 , isoC 8 , 1-hexene, cyclohexane, toluene, o-xylene, and IMPLICATIONSThe topic of this paper strongly interests both refiners and car manufacturers. Besides being of scientific interest, knowing precisely which compound induces which pollutant, could enable refiners to determine which gasoline formulations provide better control of pollutant emissions, especially toxic compounds and ozone precursors. Car manufacturers could use this information to optimize engine tunings and catalyst use to reduce those emissions. Further, these works are of scientific interest, helping to improve understanding of the possible impact of regulation changes on pollutant emissions, helping refiners to improve fuel formulations, and helping all parties concerned by helping to improve air quality. ethylbenzene) in an alkylate base. The second one was formulated to test the behavior of four oxygenated compounds (methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, and methyl tertio-butyl ether [MTBE]).Individual unburned hydrocarbons, aldehydes, alcohols, and organic acids were analyzed according to accurate methods developed in our laboratory.Results show that benzene exhaust is mainly emitted from benzene fuel, the substituted aromatics, and, to a lesser degree, from cyclohexane; 1,3-butadiene is produced from 1-hexene or cyclohexane; and isobutene is a product of isooctane and MTBE. Exhaust toluene comes mainly from toluene fuel, but also from o-xylene and ethylbenzene fuels. Isopropylbenzene exhaust seems to be produced only from ethylbenzene fuel. Exhaust concentrations of acetaldehyde and acetone showed a strong correlation with, respectively, ethanol and isopropanol fuel contents. Methacroleine exhaust concentration was strongly correlated with the fuel's isooctane content. Benzaldehyde was produced by the aromatic fuels. Methanol was found in the exhaust gases of all the oxygenated fuels. High quantities of hexane...

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A Comprehensive Study of Methanol Kinetics in Freely-Propagating and Burner-Stabilized Flames, Flow and Static Reactors, and Shock Tubes

Cited by 128 publications

References 46 publications

Temperature Dependence of the Laminar Burning Velocity of Methanol Flames

Temperature Dependence of the Laminar Burning Velocity of Methanol Flames

Experimental and Kinetic Modeling Study of Methanol Ignition and Oxidation at High Pressure

The Influence of Gasoline Formulation on Specific Pollutant Emissions

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