A comprehensive review on the ultrasound-enhanced leaching recovery of valuable metals: Applications, mechanisms and prospects

Bao, Shenxu; Chen, Bo; Zhang, Yimin; Ren, Liuyi; Xin, Chunfu; Ding, Wei; Yang, Siyuan; Zhang, Wencai

doi:10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106525

Cited by 36 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 156 publications

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“…6 (c), the Pb leaching efficiency increases with the increase in ultrasound intensity from 0.42 to 0.52 W/cm 2 and remains identical as further enlarges the ultrasound power. It’s has been demonstrated that ultrasonic sound cavitation effect would produce instantaneous cavitation bubbles, and the collapse strength of the bubbles is increased with the ultrasound intensity, which would cause instantaneous high temperature and high pressure facilitating the leaching reaction [21] . It’s suggested that the ultrasound intensity of 0.52 W/cm 2 is enough to realize the complete Pb dissolution.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ultrasound has gained significant attention in the past two decades for its widespread application in hydrometallurgical leaching processes, aiming to improve the metal leaching kinetics [21] . Research has demonstrated that ultrasound waves generate cavitation effect during propagation, leading to the collapse of cavitation bubbles and the creation of micro-scale turbulence, shock waves, and powerful liquid jets [22] , [23] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Intensifying separation of Pb and Sn from waste Pb-Sn alloy by ultrasound-assisted acid leaching: Selective dissolution and sonochemistry mechanism

Liu,

Shi,

Huang

et al. 2024

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intensifying separation of Pb and Sn from waste Pb-Sn alloy by ultrasound-assisted acid leaching: Selective dissolution and sonochemistry mechanism

Liu,

Shi,

Huang

et al. 2024

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…It is also possible to improve the washing process by using ultrasound, increased pressure, and mixing [38,43]. The technique of ultrasonic washing has gained importance in previous years [44]. Zhang et al [45] investigated the recovery of In from LCD waste using HCl leaching and ultrasonication without the need to perform the primary crushing of the material.…”

Section: Leachingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Review on the Recovery and Separation of Gallium and Indium from Waste

Kluczka

2024

Resources

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Gallium and indium are crucial metals in various industries, such as the medical and telecommunication industries. They can find applications as pure metals, alloys and alloy admixtures, oxides, organometallic compounds, and compounds with elements such as nitrogen or arsenic. Recovery of these two metals from waste is an important issue for two main reasons. First, gallium and indium are scattered in the Earth’s crust and their minerals are too rare to serve as a primary source. Second, e-waste contributes to the rapidly growing problem of Earth littering, as its amount increased significantly in recent years. Therefore, it is essential to develop and implement procedures that will enable the recovery of valuable elements from waste and limit the emission of harmful substances into the environment. This paper discusses technological operations and methods that are currently used or may be used to produce pure gallium and indium or their oxides from waste. The first step was described—waste pretreatment, including disassembly and sorting in several stages. Then, mechanical treatment as well as physical, chemical, and physicochemical separations were discussed. The greatest emphasis was placed on the hydrometallurgical methods of gallium and indium recovery, to be more precise on the extraction and various sorption methods following the leaching stage. Methods of obtaining pure metals or metal oxides and their refining processes were also mentioned.

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“…An attractive alternative appears to be the use of ultrasound in leaching. Ultrasonic intensification of the leaching process is based on the principle of cavitation, which occurs when ultrasonic waves act on a liquid [29][30][31][32]. Cavitation causes the formation and subsequent collapse of microscopic bubbles in a solution, leading to local extreme conditions such as high temperature and pressure, as well as high fluid jet speeds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ultrasound-Assisted Selective Leaching of Arsenic from Copper Smelting Flue Dust

Kenzhaliyev,

Ketegenov,

Mussapyrova

et al. 2024

Minerals

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Copper smelting flue dust (CFD) is a byproduct of pyrometallurgical copper production, containing valuable metals like lead, zinc, and copper, but also hazardous arsenic, which complicates its handling and recycling. Traditional methods for arsenic removal from CFD, such as pyrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes, are often inefficient or result in the loss of valuable metals. This study explores the efficacy of ultrasound-assisted leaching for selective arsenic extraction from CFD, offering a potentially more efficient and environmentally friendly alternative. We employed a combination of sodium hydroxide and sodium sulfide in an aqueous solution, enhanced by ultrasonic waves, to selectively recover arsenic into solution. The optimal leaching conditions were determined to be 0.4 M NaOH, 0.2 M Na2S, a liquid-to-solid ratio of 50 mL/g, a temperature of 80 °C, an ultrasound power of 150 W, and an ultrasound frequency of 100 kHz, under which up to 99% of arsenic was extracted within 45 min. The kinetic analysis conducted suggests that the leaching process is controlled by the chemical reactions occurring at the surface of the particles.

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A comprehensive review on the ultrasound-enhanced leaching recovery of valuable metals: Applications, mechanisms and prospects

Cited by 36 publications

References 156 publications

Intensifying separation of Pb and Sn from waste Pb-Sn alloy by ultrasound-assisted acid leaching: Selective dissolution and sonochemistry mechanism

Intensifying separation of Pb and Sn from waste Pb-Sn alloy by ultrasound-assisted acid leaching: Selective dissolution and sonochemistry mechanism

A Review on the Recovery and Separation of Gallium and Indium from Waste

Ultrasound-Assisted Selective Leaching of Arsenic from Copper Smelting Flue Dust

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