A comprehensive review on recent trends in amino acids detection through analytical techniques

Abstract

The process of growth, development, and reproduction cannot take place in a live body without the presence of amino acids (AAs) since they are necessary for appropriate functioning. Detection of AAs in pharmaceutical and food samples is required to ensure quality, quantity, and efficacy. The AAs generally do not contain chromophores; hence their chromatographic analysis requires derivatization. The research papers published in the last few years were used to compile this manuscript. This manuscript covers various analytical, bioanalytical, and electrochemical approaches used in the identification of AAs. The analytical techniques like high‐performance liquid chromatography, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography, etc., and the hyphenated analytical techniques like liquid chromatography‐mass spectrometry, ultra‐performance liquid chromatography‐electrospray tandem mass spectrometry, and hydrophilic interaction ultra‐performance liquid chromatography are also discussed. This manuscript also briefly outlines the electrochemical analytical techniques including sensors and biosensors. This review article will be useful to the researcher working in the area of the development of analytical techniques for the detection of AAs.

Ammonium nanochelators in conjunction with arginine-specific enzymes in amperometric biosensors for arginine assay

“…However, these methods possess certain disadvantages, such as low specificity and insufficient selectivity. State-of-the-art methods for determining Arg, which rely on the use of advanced equipment, show promise for use in clinical and industrial laboratories [ 2 , 13 , 14 , 17 – 19 ]. However, these methods suffer from limited selectivity, are laborous and require highly trained personnel.…”

“…Thus, all known approaches for Arg determination require considerable time, skillful lab personnel, advanced equipment, the need for cascades of enzymes, and expensive reagents [ 2 , 13 , 18 , 32 ]. Furthermore, since they do not provide the possibility of real-time analysis, the development of electrochemical biosensors (BSs) for Arg monitoring remains of primary interest.…”

“…ADI and ArgO are the best candidates for the construction of mono-enzyme ABSs sensitive and selective towards Arg. Additionally, the combination of natural enzymes with appropriate nanomaterials seems to be the most optimal approach to develop advanced sensor devices with improved characteristics, namely, high stability, sensitivity, and selectivity to the target analyte [ 13 – 15 , 25 , 26 , 34 ]. To date, there are many reports on ArgO-containing ABSs which rely on the principle of detection of hydrogen peroxide as a by-product of Arg degradation.…”