A comprehensive review on durability improvement of solid oxide fuel cells for commercial stationary power generation systems

Utilization of Thermocatalysts in Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) Fed with Hydrogen-Rich Fuels: A Mini-Review

“…Currently, the most developed commercial SOFCs are operated using hydrogen and the lifetime is reported to be as long as 100000 h. , However, for methane-fueled SOFCs, a long-term test was reported only for 4500 h with internal reforming . This is because the state-of-the-art Ni-YSZ anode is susceptible to severe carbon deposition when operated on hydrocarbon fuels .…”

Highly Efficient A- and B-Site-Doped Ruddlesden–Popper Perovskite Oxide Nd2–xSrxNi0.9Cu0.1O4+δ as a Cathode for PCFCs

“…Proton ceramic fuel cells (PCFCs), characterized by proton conduction, have emerged as an emerging technology in solid oxide fuel cell systems in recent years. Compared with traditional solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs) based on oxygen ion-conductive electrolytes, PCFCs have lower temperature dependence and operational feasibility at 400–600 °C due to the low activation energy of proton-conductive electrolytes, , avoiding issues caused by high operating temperatures such as high cost, poor long-term stability, slow startup, and difficult packaging and providing a feasible solution for the mid- to low-temperature development of SOFCs. , However, as the operating temperature reduces, the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) kinetics of cathode materials becomes sluggish, leading to an increased polarization loss from the cathode, which is currently the main obstacle to the commercialization progression of PCFCs. Moreover, the PCFC cathode must also possess satisfactory conductivity, chemical/thermal compatibility, and stability .…”

Towards sustainable electrochemistry: green synthesis and sintering aid modulations in the development of BaZr0.87Y0.1M0.03O3−δ (M = Mn, Co, and Fe) IT-SOFC electrolytes

“…Fuel cells, particularly solid oxide fuel cells (SOFCs), have become prominent contenders amongst alternative energy sources because of their efficiency, ability to use multiple fuels, and little or no greenhouse gas emissions ( Rafique et al, 2022 ; Hanif et al, 2023b ; Khan et al, 2023 ; Rauf et al, 2023 ; Tarasova et al, 2023 ; Babar et al, 2024 ). In the last decade, special attention has been focused on proton-conducting SOFCs owing to their high protonic conductivity compared to oxygen conduction because of the small size of protons with their low activation energy ( Irshad et al, 2023 ; Mehran et al, 2023 ).…”