A comprehensive review on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film for solar cell: forecast issues and future anticipation

Baid, Mitisha; Hashmi, Ayesha; Jain, Bhawana; Singh, Ajaya Kumar; Susan, Md. Abu Bin Hasan; Aleksandrova, Mariya

doi:10.1007/s11082-021-03272-5

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 214 publications

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“…[ 22 ] These have excellent absorption properties and optimal bandgap with wide tunability. [ 23,24 ] The substitution of selenium in place of sulfur could tune their bandgap in Cu 2 ZnSn(S x Se 1− x ) 4 (CZTSSe) [ 25 ] and Sb 2 S x Se 3− x . [ 26 ] Solution‐processable, high‐throughput, and energy‐efficient fabrication techniques are inherently advantageous to these chalcogenide materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb₂Se₃ Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Kumar

Sujith

Valarmathi

et al. 2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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Switching from conventional to renewable solar energy has colossal cost-parity challenges. [1] Cost parity in favor of photovoltaics (PV) could be made by maximizing wattage to cost ratio (W/$) [2] for solar cells. High W/$ matric could be achieved by using affordable material, fabrication process, mass scale production, and highefficiency device configuration with better wattage output. In the current PV research landscape, the primary aim of all the research efforts is to maximize output efficiency or lower the overall input cost. Nonsilicon alternatives such as Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 , Sb 2 Se 3, and FeS 2 offer exciting cost reductions owing to low material utilization in thin films, lower cost, and faster throughput fabrication process due to state-of-the-art nanotechnology. [3] Additionally, thin-film sulfide/selenide materials, such as Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) and Sb 2 S 3, are potentially cost-effective owing to the earth-abundant constituent elements. [4][5][6][7][8][9] Realizing high efficiency in low-cost systems is critical to substantiate PV as a future energy source. PV must simultaneously outperform on both the technological and economic fronts. Newer low-cost materials with high-efficiency yielding configuration and device design are required for achieving high W/$ matric. The practical approach to competitive PV narrowed down to two-variable between input cost (material and fabrication) of thin-film solar cells and a high-efficiency technique.In this line, cost-effective chalcogenide material (sulfides, selenides) with a high-efficiency configuration, such as a dualabsorber device design [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] for high-efficiency is pursued in this study. The double-absorber technique utilizes two distinct bandgap absorbers to cover a broader spectrum reducing spectrum losses (thermalization and non-absorption). We have taken CZTS and Sb 2 Se 3 absorber pairs for double absorbers as they are earth-abundant, nontoxic, potentially low-cost alternative absorber materials for PV. [21] Among all upcoming cost-effective PV materials (like CZTS, Sb 2 S 3 , SnS, FeS 2 , etc.), CZTS and Sb 2 Se 3 are the only material which has shown practical efficiency beyond the 10% mark. [22] These have excellent absorption properties and optimal bandgap with wide tunability. [23,24] The substitution of selenium in place of sulfur could tune their bandgap in Cu 2 ZnSn(S x Se 1Àx ) 4 (CZTSSe) [25] and Sb 2 S x Se 3Àx . [26] Solution-processable, high-throughput, and energy-efficient

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb₂Se₃ Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Kumar

Sujith

Valarmathi

et al. 2023

Physica Status Solidi (a)

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“…They also present advantages of lower material consumption, a short energy payback period and low-temperature production of large-area modules with tuneable properties. 2,6–9…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They also present advantages of lower material consumption, a short energy payback period and low-temperature production of large-area modules with tuneable properties. 2,[6][7][8][9] The former aspect is especially critical since one of the most efficient thin-lm PV technologies, i.e. Cu(In,Ga)Se 2 (CIGSe)-based solar cells having a remarkable record power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 23.35%, 10 greatly rely on scarce indium and gallium.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…11 This raises important questions about long-term sustainability and expansion of CIGSe PV, the answer to which may be found in kesterite materials, considered a relevant alternative that involves more abundant metals such as zinc and tin. 2,7,8,12,13 Generally speaking, they have the I 2 -II-IV-VI 4 chemical formula in which each number designates the group of the element with, for instance, I = Cu, Ag; II = Zn, Cd; IV = Sn, Ge; VI = S, Se. The best kesterite-based PV technology so far relies on (Ag,Cu) 2 ZnSn(S,Se) 4 (ACZTSSe) as the active material with a "notable exception" record efficiency of 13.6% 14 and a recently reported certied PCE nearly reaching the 14% limit.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ge-alloyed kesterite thin-film solar cells: previous investigations and current status – a comprehensive review

et al. 2023

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“…Several previous studies have analyzed and reviewed the progress and performance limiting factors in kesterite. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] In earlier studies, Cu Zn antisite defects have been suggested as the main culprit for the V oc decit (including in high quality single crystal (CZTSSe). [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28] However, recent theoretical and experimental works have found that Snrelated defects might be more inuential to the V oc decit problem.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive physicochemical and photovoltaic analysis of different Zn substitutes (Mn, Mg, Fe, Ni, Co, Ba, Sr) in CZTS-inspired thin film solar cells

et al. 2022

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A comprehensive review on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film for solar cell: forecast issues and future anticipation

Cited by 21 publications

References 214 publications

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb₂Se₃ Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb₂Se₃ Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Ge-alloyed kesterite thin-film solar cells: previous investigations and current status – a comprehensive review

Comprehensive physicochemical and photovoltaic analysis of different Zn substitutes (Mn, Mg, Fe, Ni, Co, Ba, Sr) in CZTS-inspired thin film solar cells

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A comprehensive review on Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) thin film for solar cell: forecast issues and future anticipation

Cited by 21 publications

References 214 publications

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb2Se3 Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb2Se3 Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Ge-alloyed kesterite thin-film solar cells: previous investigations and current status – a comprehensive review

Comprehensive physicochemical and photovoltaic analysis of different Zn substitutes (Mn, Mg, Fe, Ni, Co, Ba, Sr) in CZTS-inspired thin film solar cells

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Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb₂Se₃ Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices

Double‐Absorber CZTS/Sb₂Se₃ Architecture for High‐Efficiency Solar‐Cell Devices