A Comprehensive Review of Tic Disorders in Children

Ueda, Keisuke; Black, Kevin J.

doi:10.3390/jcm10112479

Cited by 41 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 353 publications

(430 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In detail, TS patients have an increased risk of difficulties in initiation and maintenance of sleep, parasomnias, excessive arousals, and daytime sleepiness [92], that is even higher when comorbidity with ADHD or Obsessive Compulsive Disorder co-occurs [91]. Treating sleep problems in TS patients may be helpful in improving sleep disorders themselves, but also in reducing the severity of tics [93].…”

Section: Other Neurodevelopmental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders: how do they sleep?

Belli¹,

Breda²,

Maggio

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Purpose of reviewIn this review we summarized the available evidence on sleep disorders in children with neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) in particular: intellectual disability (including some genetic conditions such as Prader--Willi Syndrome, Smith-Magenis Syndrome), Autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), Developmental Coordination Disorder, language disorders, and specific learning disorders. Recent findingsChildren with NDDs frequently suffer from sleep disturbances, with a higher prevalence than that of the general pediatric population.

show abstract

Section: Other Neurodevelopmental Disordersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders: how do they sleep?

Belli¹,

Breda²,

Maggio

et al. 2022

Current Opinion in Psychiatry

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The ADOS social aspects showed significant differences between GTS with ADHD, and OCD comorbidities from ASD; no difference was found when compared to ASD with comorbid conditions. Another study 51 found that various movements such as Habits (nail biting, picking, thumb sucking, and hair twirling) and Stereotypies (eg, body rocking, tapping, hand flapping, and arm waving) may resemble tics and both may coexist in individuals, but stereotypies appear prior to age 3 and are experienced as pleasant, while tics tend to appear later, and their effects are quite aversive. While the DSM-5 provides criteria for determining severity levels for ASD, and requires presence of RRBs, the added category of SPCD has no assigned severity levels, and, in fact, requires the absence of RRBs as this forms an ASD differentiation variable.…”

Section: Asd and Restricted Repetitive Interests And Behaviours (Rrbs)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges Surrounding the Diagnosis of Autism in Children

Hus¹,

Segal²

2021

NDT

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This comprehensive thematic review aims to highlight and familiarize readers with the challenges and pitfalls encountered in differential diagnosis of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) in children to facilitate the process of accurate identification by stakeholders. Accordingly, articles that best answer our questions and highlight our concerns were chosen from well-established publishers with prime peer reviewed journals. Included are studies showing alternate views of the issues so as to point readers to other possibilities. ASD, a complex dynamic biological-neurodevelopmental disorder, is underscored by its heterogeneous symptomology, severity, and phenotypes -all characterized by social communication deficits and presence of restricted interests and repetitive behaviours (RRBs), the core symptoms in ASD. Language and intellectual capacities do not form ASD core symptoms although vary considerably. Accurate identification is challenging as ASD is often enmeshed with other neurodevelopmental disorders, and medical comorbidities, a situation now recognized as the rule rather than the exception in child psychiatry and developmental medicine. ASD is a disorder with varying performance and severity of symptoms over time, including unexpected loss of early skills, and lost diagnosis in some children following treatment. The review reiterates the urgency in accurate diagnosis in face of the rapid rise in ASD prevalence globally, and risk-increase in delayed or denied treatment with undesirable life-long consequences for most of the affected children. In addition, a call for change is advised to circumvent the ethical dilemma posed by the present "deficit model" in ASD diagnosis. Here, ASD prevalence is presented first, followed by emphasis on importance of accurate early diagnosis, and challenges in its accomplishment due to flaws in diagnostic instruments and other contributing factors. Next follow the required criteria for accurate identification, and its difficulties attributed to comorbid conditions, gender differences, and socio-economic and cultural influences. The conclusion includes future directions and a take away message.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tics are sudden, recurrent, stereotyped, non-rhythmic movements (motor tics) or vocalizations (vocal tics), often preceded by an unpleasant sensation called a premonitory urge ( 1 ). Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder clinically defined by the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic, with emergence of tics before 18 years of age and persistence of tics for at least one year ( 1 ). Individuals who experience only motor tics or only vocal tics but fulfill the remainder of the above TS diagnostic criteria are diagnosed with chronic (persistent) motor tic disorder or chronic (persistent) vocal tic disorder, respectively ( 1 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tourette syndrome (TS) is a neurodevelopmental disorder clinically defined by the presence of multiple motor tics and at least one vocal tic, with emergence of tics before 18 years of age and persistence of tics for at least one year ( 1 ). Individuals who experience only motor tics or only vocal tics but fulfill the remainder of the above TS diagnostic criteria are diagnosed with chronic (persistent) motor tic disorder or chronic (persistent) vocal tic disorder, respectively ( 1 ). TS, chronic motor tic disorder, and chronic vocal tic disorder exist along a single clinical spectrum ( 2 ), with shared underlying genetic architecture ( 3 ), and as such, these three disorders are often studied collectively under the label “chronic tic disorders” (CTDs).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Altered Interoceptive Sensibility in Adults With Chronic Tic Disorder

et al. 2022

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

BackgroundInteroception refers to the sensing, interpretation, integration, and regulation of signals about the body’s internal physiological state. Interoceptive sensibility is the subjective evaluation of interoceptive experience, as assessed by self-report measures, and is abnormal in numerous neuropsychiatric disorders. Research examining interoceptive sensibility in individuals with chronic tic disorders (CTDs), however, has yielded conflicting results, likely due to methodologic differences between studies and small sample sizes.ObjectiveWe sought to compare interoceptive sensibility between adults with CTD and healthy controls, adjusting for co-occurring psychiatric symptoms, and to examine the relationship of interoceptive sensibility with other CTD clinical features, in particular, premonitory urge.MethodsWe recruited adults with CTDs and sex- and age-matched healthy controls to complete the Multidimensional Assessment of Interoceptive Awareness, Version 2 (MAIA-2), as well as a battery of measures assessing psychiatric symptoms prevalent in CTD populations. CTD participants additionally completed scales quantifying tic severity, premonitory urge severity, and health-related quality of life. We conducted between-group contrasts (Wilcoxon rank-sum test) for each MAIA-2 subscale, analyzed the effect of psychiatric symptoms on identified between-group differences (multivariable linear regression), and examined within-group relationships between MAIA-2 subscales and other clinical measures (Spearman rank correlations, multivariable linear regression).ResultsBetween adults with CTD (n = 48) and healthy controls (n = 48), MAIA-2 Noticing and Not-Worrying subscale scores significantly differed. After adjusting for covariates, lower MAIA-2 Not-Worrying subscale scores were significantly associated with female sex (β = 0.42, p < 0.05) and greater severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (β = –0.028, p < 0.01), but not with CTD diagnosis. After adjusting for severity of tics and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, a composite of MAIA-2 Noticing, Attention Regulation, Emotional Awareness, Self-Regulation, Body Listening, and Trusting subscales (β = 2.52, p < 0.01) was significantly associated with premonitory urge.ConclusionStudy results revealed three novel findings: adults with CTD experience increased anxiety-associated somatization and increased general body awareness relative to healthy controls; anxiety-associated somatization is more closely associated with sex and obsessive-compulsive symptoms than with CTD diagnosis; and increased general body awareness is associated with greater severity of premonitory urges.

show abstract

A Comprehensive Review of Tic Disorders in Children

Cited by 41 publications

References 353 publications

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders: how do they sleep?

Children with neurodevelopmental disorders: how do they sleep?

Challenges Surrounding the Diagnosis of Autism in Children

Altered Interoceptive Sensibility in Adults With Chronic Tic Disorder

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About