A comprehensive review of Thermoelectric Generators: Technologies and common applications

Jaziri, Nesrine; Boughamoura, A.; Müller, Jens; Mezghani, Brahim; Tounsi, Farès; Ismail, Mohammed

doi:10.1016/j.egyr.2019.12.011

Cited by 546 publications

(403 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…A thermocouple operates under a temperature difference between a heat source and a heat sink and generates a thermovoltage at its terminals due to the Seebeck effect. [ 6 ] Apart from mostly used planar types, [ 7,8 ] TEM can be likewise constructed as cylindrical devices [ 9,10 ] to allow an easier installation on pipe‐shaped heat reservoirs. A maximization of TEM performance can be achieved by application of functionally segmented [ 11,12 ] or graded [ 13,14 ] thermocouples or by application of cascaded [ 15,16 ] TEMs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlaboratory Testing for High‐Temperature Power Generation Characteristics of a Ni‐Based Alloy Thermoelectric Module

et al. 2020

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Standardization of metrology for thermoelectric generator modules (TEMs) is a necessary step toward industrialization of thermoelectric applications. Unspecified uncertainty budgets of the widely used custom‐built characterization facilities seem insufficient to validate technological developments, industrial benchmarks, or allow sound conclusions in scientific studies. Particularly, works on high‐temperature TEM have to be supported by suitable characterization techniques. This shall accelerate progress toward product releases for thermoelectric energy conversion. Herein, a Ni‐based alloy TEM is reported, which is developed at the National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) as a prospective standard reference TEM. Comparative measurements at AIST and the German Aerospace Center (DLR) demonstrate the high repeatability and precision of custom‐built TEM characterization facilities at AIST and DLR. Tests at elevated temperatures up to 773 K hot side temperature and 450 K temperature difference reveal excellent accordance of electric measurands with a standard deviation <0.3% for the open‐circuit voltage and <0.85% for electric resistance and maximum power output. Deviations of the heat flow measurement of up to 7.22% arise from individual uncertainties of the used characterization methods and point to the importance of standardization for TEM metrology.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlaboratory Testing for High‐Temperature Power Generation Characteristics of a Ni‐Based Alloy Thermoelectric Module

et al. 2020

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“…2 The TEGs can be applied in many areas, for example, space exploration, automobiles, ships, locomotives, buildings, decentralised domestic power and microelectronics, etc. 5,6,[9][10][11] Additionally, such a generator can also be used to power a light or a radio, charge a mobile phone, or meet other requirements.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Testing of proposed design of stove-powered thermoelectric generator using natural and forced air cooling

Murčínková

Kosturák

Ferenc³

2021

Advances in Mechanical Engineering

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This paper presents the prototype design, implementation and testing of a thermoelectric generator unusually applied to the fireplace stoves. The tested low-cost thermoelectric generator can be used as an alternative low source of electricity in areas with limited access to public electricity networks. Moreover, inclusion of a thermoelectric generator in the fireplace stove structure is novelty and interesting accessory in offer for customer. This study focuses on testing and determining the output values of voltage and current of the initial design using the natural and forces air cooling. The results are obtained by developed measuring device for that testing. The low-cost thermoelectric generator provided the power of 1.5 W at temperature difference 94°C using forced air cooling. Thus a thermoelectric generator prototype design is suitable for powering LED lighting and fans or recharging a mobile phone battery.

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“…A TEG consists of small legs of n and p type semiconductor materials, also called pellets, connected thermally in parallel and electrically in series. When a temperature difference is continuously applied between the two plates of the TEG, the electrons and holes move from the hotter surface to cooler surface, resulting in a voltage difference at the TEG terminals [12]. Limited by the device size and the accounted temperature difference (e.g.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Limited by the device size and the accounted temperature difference (e.g. that between the human skin and the ambient air ranging from 2°C to 5°C on average) the voltage generated by TEGs in practical application scenarios results to be often as low as several tens or a few hundreds of milli-volts [12]- [15]. Moreover, to extract the maximum power from the TEG, its output voltage must be set to half of its open circuit value.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Subthreshold Cross-Coupled Hybrid Charge Pump for 50-mV Cold-Start

2020

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In this paper, a fully-integrated switched-capacitor DC-DC converter based on a Dickson charge pump able to work with input voltage levels that force the transistors working in subthreshold region is presented. The proposed topology exploits resistors in the charge transfer switch in order to overcome the limits of conventional solutions when working in the subthreshold regime. Post-layout simulations using a 28-nm FD-SOI technology show that the CP can boost an input voltage as low as 50 mV to a maximum output voltage of 270 mV, keeping a settling time about 25X lower than the conventional dual-branch cross-coupled charge pump and a voltage conversion efficiency higher than 76%. The proposed topology is particularly suited for the start-up of power management units supplied by thermoelectric generators.

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A comprehensive review of Thermoelectric Generators: Technologies and common applications

Cited by 546 publications

References 103 publications

Interlaboratory Testing for High‐Temperature Power Generation Characteristics of a Ni‐Based Alloy Thermoelectric Module

Interlaboratory Testing for High‐Temperature Power Generation Characteristics of a Ni‐Based Alloy Thermoelectric Module

Testing of proposed design of stove-powered thermoelectric generator using natural and forced air cooling

A Subthreshold Cross-Coupled Hybrid Charge Pump for 50-mV Cold-Start

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