Abstract:Dynamic materials, which include ionic polymeric materials, contain specific bonds or interactions that can reversibly break and reform under certain stimuli or conditions. Among them, ionic polymeric materials leverage the...
“…Polyurethane ionomers refer to ionomers containing from 1 to 15 mol% ionogenic groups in their main chains. 62 This feature leads to a high probability of self-organization with formation of various types of nano-and microstructures containing ionic clusters and ion conductive channels. [63][64][65][66][67][68] The volume of the conducting channels is the main factor determining the conductivity of such polymers.…”
Polyurethanes based on the aminoethers of ortho-phosphoric acid and polyisocyanates of an aliphatic nature were studied as a substrate for the preparation of a new polymer electrolyte.
“…Polyurethane ionomers refer to ionomers containing from 1 to 15 mol% ionogenic groups in their main chains. 62 This feature leads to a high probability of self-organization with formation of various types of nano-and microstructures containing ionic clusters and ion conductive channels. [63][64][65][66][67][68] The volume of the conducting channels is the main factor determining the conductivity of such polymers.…”
Polyurethanes based on the aminoethers of ortho-phosphoric acid and polyisocyanates of an aliphatic nature were studied as a substrate for the preparation of a new polymer electrolyte.
“…3a and b. 61,62,64,65 Polymer segments around multiplets have to significantly extend while matrix chains have a random coil conformation. Thus, the limited extensibility of chains sets an upper limit for the growth of multiplets.…”
In this review, the origin of clusters in supramolecular polymer materials, their characterization, their effects on the dynamic and mechanical properties, and their potentials for designing functional materials are overviewed.
“…or other organic polymers (cellulose, wood, cyclodextrin, polystyrene (PS), etc.) to create new materials (composite type) as perfect candidates for sorption of toxic pollutants such as pharmaceuticals and heavy metal ions [16,17].…”
Advanced wastewater treatment processes are required to implement wastewater reuse in agriculture or industry, the efficient removal of targeted priority and emerging organic & inorganic pollutants being compulsory (due to their eco-toxicological and human health effects, bio-accumulative, and degradation characteristics). Various processes such as membrane separations, adsorption, advanced oxidation, filtration, disinfection may be used in combination with one or more conventional treatment stages, but technical and environmental criteria are important to assess their application. Natural and synthetic polyelectrolytes combined with some inorganic materials or other organic or inorganic polymers create new materials (composites) that are currently used in sorption of toxic pollutants. The recent developments on the synthesis and characterization of composites based on polyelectrolytes, divided according to their macroscopic shape—beads, core-shell, gels, nanofibers, membranes—are discussed, and a correlation of their actual structure and properties with the adsorption mechanisms and removal efficiencies of various pollutants in aqueous media (priority and emerging pollutants or other model pollutants) are presented.
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