A Comprehensive Review of the Confirmed Therapeutic Effects of Grape Seed Extracts, Cranberry Juice, and Proanthocyanidins in Human Beings

Abstract

Currently, grape seed extracts and cranberry juice are utilized in conventional medicine for their pharmacological attributes. Depending on fresh vegetables and fruits to amend human health is assigned mostly to their active constituents. Proanthocyanidins are the major components of grape seed extracts and cranberry juice which are also present in other plants kind. Proanthocyanidins exert numerous pharmacological actions comprising antimicrobial, anti-adhesion, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory actions. They were established in berries especially, lingonberry, cranberry, black elderberry, black chokeberry, black currant, and blueberry. Lately, several trials evidenced the efficacy of grape seed extracts, cranberry juice, and proanthocyanidins in either treatment and/or prevention of dry skin problems, urinary tract infections, gingivitis, wound healing, leg swelling, radiation injury, Helicobacter pylori, and melasma. The therapeutic impacts of grape seed extracts, cranberry juice, and proanthocyanidins could be referred to as the clinically proved antioxidant, antiadhesive, and antiinflammatory activities. In conclusion, grape seed extracts, cranberry juice, and proanthocyanidins may be utilized as a treatment or adjuvant treatment to manage plentiful of diseases.