A comprehensive review of recent advances in nanofiltration membranes for heavy metal removal from wastewater

Samavati, Zahra; Samavati, Alireza; Goh, Pei Sean; Ismail, Ahmad Fauzi; Abdullah, Mohd Sohaimi

doi:10.1016/j.cherd.2022.11.042

Cited by 40 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 320 publications

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“…Literature has demonstrated that surfactants, interlayers, and nanoparticle addition can enhance the permeation flux of NF membranes for HM removal. [10] Additionally, the interfacial polymerization and grafting procedures used to modify NF membranes have demonstrated promising results for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater. Therefore, addressing the presence of HM contaminants in wastewater is essential, as is the development of improved membrane technologies with higher separation efficiency and lower energy consumption than existing systems.…”

Section: Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Overall, choosing the most appropriate approach for HM removal requires considering the limits of nanofiltration membranes, even though they can be effective at removing HMs from wastewater. Literature has demonstrated that surfactants, interlayers, and nanoparticle addition can enhance the permeation flux of NF membranes for HM removal [10] . Additionally, the interfacial polymerization and grafting procedures used to modify NF membranes have demonstrated promising results for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Fabrication, Modification, and Mechanism of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Nompumelelo,

Edward,

Muthumuni

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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Heavy metals present in wastewater and water scarcity are a global challenge worldwide. The elimination of heavy metals in wastewater is necessary to protect the ecosystem and human health. Heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and mercury are among many other toxic heavy metals present in wastewater. There are several conventional methods that have been implemented to mitigate heavy metal pollution in wastewater and according to literature, it has been evident that the nanofiltration (NF) separation technique requires minimal pressure to obtain high rejections of multivalent inorganic salts compared to conventional methods. NF separation process is highly competitive in terms of selectivity and cost‐benefit. The growing research trend of NF fabrication and modification collates that the technology has been applied in various industrial and municipality wastewater treatment facilities. The review paper aims to illustrate the health impacts of heavy metal exposure, the cons of conventional methods and the utilization of NF membranes in wastewater treatment, the overall factors affecting membrane performance, and future aspects of the separation techniques.

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Section: Countrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fabrication, Modification, and Mechanism of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Nompumelelo,

Edward,

Muthumuni

et al. 2023

ChemistrySelect

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“…The presence of heavy metals in sludge changes the sludge hazard category and makes their storage in landfill dangerous [ 6 , 7 , 8 ]. There are a number of different approaches developed to separate copper from other salts [ 9 , 10 , 11 ]. It seems reasonable to add concentrated copper solution to the sludge after water clarification that contains aluminum, and to then forward this sludge to a special landfill.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Mine Water with Reverse Osmosis and Concentrate Processing to Recover Copper and Deposit Calcium Carbonate

2023

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Mine water usually contains heavy metals and other inorganic and organic pollutants that contaminate water bodies. Reverse osmosis (RO) techniques are capable of producing purified water that meets discharge regulations. However, the problem of RO concentrate disposal and utilization is still not solved. The well-known zero liquid discharge (ZLD) process provides total concentrate utilization at the power industries but seems unreasonably expensive for the treatment of large amounts of mine water due to required chemical softening and the evaporation of concentrate. In the present article, a new approach to increase the recovery of reverse osmosis and to avoid high operational costs is demonstrated and discussed. The new technique involves radical RO concentrate flow reduction and withdrawal, together with dewatered sludge. The idea to “hide” concentrate in dewatered sludge is proposed and demonstrated during experiments. The article demonstrates results of the conducted experimental program aimed at reduction of volumes of all liquid wastes produced during mine water treatment using a new approach to concentrate it with a cascade of nanofiltration membranes and to reach a TDS value of 110-120 grams per liter. The obtained concentrate is mixed with the wet sludge, which is further dewatered and withdrawn together with the dewatered sludge. Experiments are conducted that demonstrate a reduction in calcium in the concentrate due to deposition of calcium carbonate on the “seed crystals” in the circulation mode. Another distinguishing feature of the new technique is the separation of concentrate into two streams containing high concentrations of monovalent ions (sodium and ammonium chlorides) and divalent ions (calcium, magnesium and copper sulphates). Flow diagrams of the processes are presented to demonstrate the water treatment technique used to produce deionized water and two types of sludges: sludge after clarification and sludge after calcium carbonate deposition.

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“…Typically, the membranes used for ions/salt removal have lower water fluxes and generally separate ions via a combination of different mechanisms like Donnan exclusion, dielectric exclusion, or solution diffusion . Samavati et al reviewed several commercially available nanofiltration membranes that can effectively remove heavy metal ions such as nickel, chromium, copper, lead, zinc, and cobalt . Similarly, other types of membrane materials like mixed matrix membranes and nanofibers have also been investigated for ion removal and water treatment by several researchers. − In addition to the lower water fluxes, the nanofiltration membranes are often prone to scaling due to the presence of other multivalent salts in the aqueous feed streams.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Removal of Transition-Metal Ions by Metal-Complexing Polythiosemicarbazone Membranes

Nickisch,

de Vos,

Meier

et al. 2023

ACS Appl. Polym. Mater.

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Membrane technology is one of the many strategies to remove transition-metal ions from aqueous streams because of its relatively lower costs and ease of operation. Typically, adsorbent materials are added into polymeric membranes to impart chelating/complexing properties, but this often results in a limited number of adsorption sites within the membrane. In this work, polythiosemicarbazone (pTSC) is proposed as a material to prepare polymeric membranes due to its metal-complexing ligands in the backbone, providing more adsorption sites. The polymer was easily processed into membranes via the nonsolvent-induced phase separation technique and exhibited asymmetric structures with adequate mechanical strength. The porosity of the membranes was controlled by increasing the polymer concentration in the casting solution, leading to ultrafiltration- and nanofiltration-type membranes with permeabilities ranging from 30 to 0.7 L·m–2·h–1·bar–1. The resulting pTSC membranes were applied for the removal of silver and copper ions in batch and, in the case of silver ions, also in dynamic adsorption experiments. The maximum removal rate of 17 mg·g–1 for silver and 3.8 mg·g–1 for copper ions was obtained in the batch removal experiment. Streaming potential, pH measurements, and infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) were conducted to verify the anionic binding of TSC groups, while neutral binding modes were revealed by FTIR and batch removal experiments. Furthermore, the removal of silver ions was also successfully demonstrated in a flow setup operated at 4 bar of applied pressure. The streaming potential and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy conducted on the membranes after the flow tests confirmed the complexation by TSC-functional groups as the separation mechanism. Finally, partial desorption of the silver ions was successfully conducted in water to demonstrate the reusability of pTSC membranes.

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A comprehensive review of recent advances in nanofiltration membranes for heavy metal removal from wastewater

Cited by 40 publications

References 320 publications

Fabrication, Modification, and Mechanism of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Fabrication, Modification, and Mechanism of Nanofiltration Membranes for the Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Wastewater

Treatment of Mine Water with Reverse Osmosis and Concentrate Processing to Recover Copper and Deposit Calcium Carbonate

Removal of Transition-Metal Ions by Metal-Complexing Polythiosemicarbazone Membranes

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