A Comprehensive Review of Efficient Ray-Tracing Techniques for Wireless Communication

Geok, Tan Kim; Hossain, Ferdous; Kamaruddin, Mohd Nazeri; Rahman, Noor Ziela Abd; Thiagarajah, S.; Chiat, Alan Tan Wee; Hossen, J.; Liew, Chia Pao

doi:10.15866/irecap.v8i2.13797

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Our method is faster, as our calculation phase helps to overcome the computational limitation of the site specific methods. The RL phase optimization is a good contribution in proposed RT [45][46][47][48]. The appropriate use of RL phase in the proposed method makes it more efficient.…”

Section: Validation Of Ray Tracing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient 3-D Ray Tracing Method: Prediction of Indoor Radio Propagation at 28 GHz in 5G Network

et al. 2019

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Millimeter wave technology will be dominating the fifth-generation networks due to the clear advantage of higher frequency bands and hence wider spectrum. In this paper, the indoor radio wave propagation at 28 GHz is studied by developing an efficient three-dimensional ray tracing (ETRT) method. The simulation software based on the ETRT model has been verified by measurement data. The received signal strength indication and path loss have shown significant agreement between simulation and measurement. Compared with the conventional shooting bouncing ray tracing method, the proposed ETRT method has better agreement with measurement data.

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Section: Validation Of Ray Tracing Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Efficient 3-D Ray Tracing Method: Prediction of Indoor Radio Propagation at 28 GHz in 5G Network

et al. 2019

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“…Moreover, this refection is determined in the simulation using Fresnel's equations. For both LoS and NLoS path loss (PL) calculations, we used Equation (5) [12].…”

Section: Ray Conceptmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Vrn expresses voltage with respect to the Rx antenna and polarization. The Vrn is calculated using Equation (12).…”

Section: Ray-based Radio Wave Power Level Modellingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, the same measurement related parameters were used in simulations to verify the results. The frequency of 28 GHz was selected for this research, as it may potentially be used to support 5G [10], where 3D SB RT is an extensively-used method for radio propagation prediction [11,12]. As per our analysis, the smart 3D RT methods simulation results provided accurate propagation prediction.…”

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confidence: 99%

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A Smart 3D RT Method: Indoor Radio Wave Propagation Modelling at 28 GHz

et al. 2019

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This paper describes a smart ray-tracing method based on the ray concept. From the literature review, we observed that there is still a research gap on conventional ray-tracing methods that is worthy of further investigation. The herein proposed smart 3D ray-tracing method offers an efficient and fast way to predict indoor radio propagation for supporting future generation networks. The simulation data was verified by measurements. This method is advantageous for developing new ray-tracing algorithms and simulators to improve propagation prediction accuracy and computational speed.

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“…The best RL plays a dynamic role in ray RT [37][38][39][40][41][42]. RL is the initial step of RT method.…”

Section: (A)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Indoor 3-D RT Radio Wave Propagation Prediction Method: PL and RSSI Modeling Validation by Measurement at 4.5 GHz

et al. 2019

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This article introduces an efficient analysis of indoor 4.5 GHz radio wave propagation by using a proposed three-dimensional (3-D) ray-tracing (RT) modeling and measurement. The attractive facilities of this frequency band have significantly increased in indoor radio wave communication systems. Radio propagation predictions by simulation method based on a site-specific model, such as RT is widely used to categorize radio wave channels. Although practical measurement provides accurate results, it still needs a considerable amount of resources. Hence, a computerized simulation tool would be a good solution to categorize the wireless channels. The simulation has been performed with an in-house developed software tool. Here, the 3-D shooting bouncing ray tracing (SBRT) and the proposed 3-D ray tracing simulation have been performed separately on a specific layout where the measurement is done. Several comparisons have been performed on the results of the measurement: the proposed method, and the existing SBRT method simulation with respect to received signal strength indication (RSSI) and path loss (PL). The comparative results demonstrate that the RSSI and the PL of proposed RT have better agreements with measurement than with those from the conventional SBRT outputs.Electronics 2019, 8, 750 2 of 17 of transmitter, and the propagation environment [4]. It is also challenging to optimize the actual position of the transmitter (Tx) by measurement to ensure acceptable system performance. Therefore, radio-propagation using a simulation tool for the indoor environment based on RSSI and PL has become a significant research tool [5].Weather conditions-such as floods, rains, clouds, or snowfall-have no effect on the indoor radio propagation; however, it can be influenced by the interior walls, furniture, doors, windows, and other household objects. These influences need to be considered for better indoor radio wave propagation modeling. Therefore, the indoor scenario has these objects, with Tx waves reaching the receiver (Rx) through multipath channels [6].Although practical measurement enables actual assessment of onsite performance, it requires a sizable amount of resources and effort. On the other hand, software simulation tools are easy to use and are an inexpensive way to obtain accurate results [7]. Nowadays, many researchers recommend the use of the RT technique for radio propagation prediction modeling [8].Based on the fundamental geometric optics (GO) theory and uniform theory of diffraction (UTD) principles, RT is extensively used in radio wave modeling, and is widely used in indoor WCS [9]. The RT full cycle has three steps: ray launching (RL), ray path sensing, and ray capturing by receivers [10]. The RL is the method of propagating straight rays in all directions in space. Normally, the rays are launched from the source of a Tx to the destination Rx by following the principle of GO and UTD. The complete ray path is traced, bearing the additional propagation features of transmission, reflection, and diffraction [...

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A Comprehensive Review of Efficient Ray-Tracing Techniques for Wireless Communication

Cited by 31 publications

References 21 publications

An Efficient 3-D Ray Tracing Method: Prediction of Indoor Radio Propagation at 28 GHz in 5G Network

An Efficient 3-D Ray Tracing Method: Prediction of Indoor Radio Propagation at 28 GHz in 5G Network

A Smart 3D RT Method: Indoor Radio Wave Propagation Modelling at 28 GHz

Indoor 3-D RT Radio Wave Propagation Prediction Method: PL and RSSI Modeling Validation by Measurement at 4.5 GHz

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