A comprehensive review of dual-energy and multi-spectral computed tomography

Garnett, R.

doi:10.1016/j.clinimag.2020.07.030

Cited by 36 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…Bone is the tissue with the greatest X-ray attenuation coefficient, while fat or adipose tissue attenuates the smallest amount of X-ray photons. The X-ray attenuation is measured in Hounsfield units (HU) with water having-by definition-a HU of 0 and air of −1000 [26]. The full formula for the calculation of the Hounsfield units is as follows:…”

Section: Computed Tomography (Ct)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the Inside of Pigs Non-Invasively: Recent Developments

Scholz¹,

Kušec²,

Mitchell³

et al. 2024

Tracing the Domestic Pig

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Regional markets require a large variety of pig breeds and pork products. Noninvasive techniques like computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, computer vision, or, very often, ultrasound helps to provide the information required for breeding, quality control, payment, and processing. Meanwhile, computed tomography is being used as phenotyping tool by leading pig breeding organizations around the world, while ultrasound B- or A-mode techniques belong to the standard tools, especially to measure subcutaneous fat and muscle traits. Magnetic resonance imaging and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, however, are still mainly used as research tools to develop and characterize new phenotypic traits, which usually could not be measured without slaughtering the breeding pigs. A further noninvasive method—already used on a commercial basis, not only in abattoirs—is video 2D or 3D imaging. This chapter will review the latest developments for these noninvasive techniques.

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Section: Computed Tomography (Ct)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracing the Inside of Pigs Non-Invasively: Recent Developments

Scholz¹,

Kušec²,

Mitchell³

et al. 2024

Tracing the Domestic Pig

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“…The basis of spectral CT is that a CT scan can be decomposed into a set of multiple basis materials if the projection data is measured at different energies [4]. This leads to the development of dual-energy CT and multi-spectral CT [5]. Dual-energy refers to the use of two X-ray energies in scanning.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Implementation of a Framelet-Based Spectral Reconstruction for Multi-Slice Spiral CT

Zhang

Mao

et al. 2021

Front. Phys.

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Spectral CT utilizes spectral information of X-ray sources to reconstruct energy-resolved X-ray images and has wide medical applications. Compared with conventional energy-integrated CT scanners, however, spectral CT faces serious technical difficulties in hardware, and hence its clinical use has been expensive and limited. The goal of this paper is to present a software solution and an implementation of a framelet-based spectral reconstruction algorithm for multi-slice spiral scanning based on a conventional energy-integrated CT hardware platform. In the present work, we implement the framelet-based spectral reconstruction algorithm using compute unified device architecture (CUDA) with bowtie filtration. The platform CUDA enables fast execution of the program, while the bowtie filter reduces radiation exposure. We also adopt an order-subset technique to accelerate the convergence. The multi-slice spiral scanning geometry with these additional features will make the framelet-based spectral reconstruction algorithm more powerful for clinical applications. The method provides spectral information from just one scan with a standard energy-integrating detector and produces color CT images, spectral curves of the attenuation coefficient at every point inside the object, and photoelectric images, which are all valuable imaging tools in cancerous diagnosis. The proposed algorithm is tested with a Catphan phantom and real patient data sets for its performance. In experiments with the Catphan 504 phantom, the synthesized color image reveals changes in the level of colors and details and the yellow color in Teflon indicates a special spectral property which is invisible in regular CT reconstruction. In experiments with clinical images, the synthesized color images provide some extra details which are helpful for clinical diagnosis, for example, details about the renal pelvis and lumbar join. The numerical studies indicate that the proposed method provides spectral image information which can reveal fine structures in clinical images and that the algorithm is efficient regarding to the computational time. Thus, the proposed algorithm has a great potential in practical application.

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“…Estes aparelhos são chamados de dual energy CT (DECT). Atualmente existem três técnicas para se coletar dados de DECT [53].…”

Section: Tipos De Ct De Dupla Energia (Dect) E Ct Multienergiasunclassified

“…A primeira consiste em realizar dois escaneamentos do paciente em duas energias diferentes, uma após a outra ou com um tubo de raios X com mudança rápida de potencial do tubo de raios X. Os problemas desta técnica são que as imagens adquiridas em instantes diferentes podem apresentar problemas na correlação espacial (no caso de dois escaneamentos) e dificuldade em detectar e separar estes espectros de diferentes potenciais (para a mudança rápida de potencial do tubo) [53].…”

Section: Tipos De Ct De Dupla Energia (Dect) E Ct Multienergiasunclassified

“…A segunda técnica a ser descrita utiliza dois tubos de raios X com energias diferentes e dois detectores para a formação das duas imagens ao mesmo tempo. Seus problemas são o custo do aparelho, por ter dois tubos e dois detectores, além do aumento de fótons espalhados, aumentando a dose no paciente e ruído nas imagens [53].…”

Section: Tipos De Ct De Dupla Energia (Dect) E Ct Multienergiasunclassified

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Imagens de densidade eletrônica e número atômico efetivo de tecidos mamários obtidas através de imagens de CT monoenergéticas (CT multienergias) e CT dupla energia (DECT)

Soares¹

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Gostaria de agradecer à minha esposa, Alexandra, que durante todo esse trabalho esteve comigo, me apoiando, com muita compreensão, e que deixou todos os momentos de dificuldade um pouco mais fáceis para mim. Aos meus pais, Maria José e Reginaldo, que sempre acreditaram em mim, me apoiaram a estudar, que me ensinaram a me empenhar e se dedicaram para que eu pudesse ter um futuro melhor. Ao meu orientador, prof. Martin, por ter muita paciência, dedicação e orientação em todas as etapas deste trabalho. Ao prof. Daniel, da UNC, por me auxiliar nos estudos no exterior, me acolher em seu laboratório e proporcionar grandes ensinamentos. Aos meus amigos de laboratório Alex, Júlio, Michel, Daniel, entre outros companheiros de laboratório, pela experiência compartilhada e apoio em todos os momentos. Ao técnico Eldereis, pela grande ajuda no desenvolvimento deste trabalho. Aos técnicos Aziani e Carlos, da oficina mecânica, pela ajuda na elaboração de vários materiais necessários para a realização deste trabalho. Aos meus amigos Paulo, Rafael, André, Hugo e Lauro, que sempre me animavam e compartilharam bons momentos de risadas ao longo desses anos. Aos professores do

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A comprehensive review of dual-energy and multi-spectral computed tomography

Cited by 36 publications

References 56 publications

Tracing the Inside of Pigs Non-Invasively: Recent Developments

Tracing the Inside of Pigs Non-Invasively: Recent Developments

Implementation of a Framelet-Based Spectral Reconstruction for Multi-Slice Spiral CT

Imagens de densidade eletrônica e número atômico efetivo de tecidos mamários obtidas através de imagens de CT monoenergéticas (CT multienergias) e CT dupla energia (DECT)

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