A comprehensive review of direct carbon fuel cell technology

Giddey, Sarbjit; Badwal, S. P. S.; Kulkarni, Aniruddha; Munnings, Christopher

doi:10.1016/j.pecs.2012.01.003

Cited by 452 publications

(291 citation statements)

References 141 publications

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“…The DCFC offers significant advantages over traditional carbon conversion technologies. It converts the chemical energy of carbon solid fuel directly into electricity without a reforming process, operates with high efficiency, and is available in small domestic units which produce electricity and heat in cogeneration [3,4]. The flue gases emitted from a DCFC consist mostly of concentrated CO 2 , which can be stored in geological formations without very expensive separation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structural properties of carbon-based fuels on efficiency of direct carbon fuel cells

Dudek

Sitarz

Tomczyk

2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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This research is focused on the effect of supplying solid oxide fuel cells with different graphite and carbon black powders on the cells' efficiency. Before being tested in the fuel cell, the structures of carbon-based fuels were characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis, Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and thermal analysis method (DTA/TG). Total electrical conductivity measurements were also carried out for carbon samples. The relation between the structure and morphology of solid particles and their performance in direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells (DC-SOFC) was presented and discussed. It was found that structurally disordered carbon-based materials are the most promising fuels for oxidation in DC-SOFCs.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of structural properties of carbon-based fuels on efficiency of direct carbon fuel cells

Dudek

Sitarz

Tomczyk

2014

J Solid State Electrochem

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“…The DC-SOFCs most frequently investigated in R&D institutions are typically built using planar geometry on the basis of a small button-size cell (diameter: ca. 2 cm) or a larger, square MEA with dimensions of 5 × 5 cm [12,13]. Performance data for DC-SOFCs with large dimensions (above 10 cm 2 ) are rather scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon as a fuel for efficient electricity generation in carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Skrzypkiewicz

Dudek

2016

E3S Web Conf.

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Abstract. In this paper, the impact of the physicochemical properties of carbonaceous solid fuels on the performance of a direct carbon solid oxide fuel cell (DC-SOFC) was investigated. High-purity synthetic carbon powders such as carbon black N-220 and Carbo Medicinalis FP5 were chosen for analytical and electrochemical investigations in a DC-SOFC. The research focussed on choosing an optimised, cost-effective, high-purity carbon powder which could be applied as a solid reference fuel for all tests performed on a single DC-SOFC cell as well as on DC-SOFC stack constructions. Most of the electrochemical investigations described in this paper were performed using square DCSOFCs with dimensions of 5 × 5 cm. The relationship between structure, physicochemical properties, and electrochemical reactivity in a DC-SOFC was analysed.

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“…Another advantage of this type of cell is that carbon fuel and the reaction product, CO2, exist as pure substances which do not mix with each other; their chemical potentials are constant and independent of the degree of consumption (utilisation) of fuel, as well as of its distribution in the cell. This enables the cell's voltage to remain constant (at approximately 1.0 V) from the moment of the fuel's introduction to its total consumption [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It should be stressed that DCFCs, just like hydrogen-oxygen SOFCs, can be designed in planar or tubular geometry. In addition, DCSOFCs can operate using a solid or a fluidised coal bed.A DC-SOFC usually operates within a temperature range of 700-900°C [12,17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Utilisation of coal for energy production in fuel cells

et al. 2016

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Abstract. In this paper a brief characterization of fuel cell technology and its possible application in sustainable energy development was described. Special attention was paid to direct carbon fuel cell technology. The direct carbon fuel cell is an electrochemical device which directly converts the chemical energy of carbonaceous based fuel into electricity without 'flame burning'. The electrical efficiency of a DCFC is indeed very high (in practice exceeding 80%), and the product of conversion consists of almost pure CO2, eliminating the most expensive step of sequestration: the separation of carbon from flue gases. In this paper the process of electrochemical oxidation of carbon particles on the surface of oxide electrolytes at 8% mol Y2O3 in ZrO2 (8YSZ) as well as cermet anode Ni-8YSZ was analysed. The graphite, carbon black powders were considered as reference solid fuels for coal samples. It was found that the main factors contributing to the electrochemical reactivity of carbon particles is not only the high carbon content in samples but also structural disorder. It was found that structurally disordered carbon-based materials are the most promising solid fuels for direct carbon solid oxide fuel cells. Special impact was placed on the consideration of coal as possible solid fuels for DC-SOFC. Statistical and economic analyses show that in the coming decades, in developing countries such as China, India, and some EU countries, coal-fuelled power plants will maintain their strong position in the power sector due to their reliability and low costs as well as the large reserves of coal and lignite in the world. Coal is mined in politically stable areas, which guarantees its easy and safe purchase and transport. The impact of the physiochemical properties of raw and purified coal on the performance of the DC-SOFC was studied. An analysis of the stability of electrical parameters was performed for a DC-SOFC operating under a load over an extended period of time. The tests indicated that DC-SOFCs fed with de-ashed coal were characterized by stable operation, with a power density greater than 100 mW/cm 2 from a single cell.

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A comprehensive review of direct carbon fuel cell technology

Cited by 452 publications

References 141 publications

Effect of structural properties of carbon-based fuels on efficiency of direct carbon fuel cells

Effect of structural properties of carbon-based fuels on efficiency of direct carbon fuel cells

Carbon as a fuel for efficient electricity generation in carbon solid oxide fuel cells

Utilisation of coal for energy production in fuel cells

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