A comprehensive review of castor oil‐derived renewable and sustainable industrial products

Abstract

Castor oil is one important raw material that could serve as a renewable feedstock for industries in the age of exhausting fossil fuels. The chemical composition of oil and the structure of hydroxyl fatty acid are responsible for its unique physicochemical properties. The oil has diverse applications from pharmaceuticals to polyamides, from the manufacturing of ski boots to durable frames, and from lubricants to laxatives. The present review gives an insight into the physicochemical properties of castor oil and its application. The oil is used for the production of a great variety of its derivatives. Out of many derivatives of castor oil, four are produced and utilized at a larger scale. The names of the four derivates are ricinoleic acid, sebacic acid, undecylenic acid, and γ-decalactone. The review will aim toward an insight into the evolved techniques for the manufacturing of these derivatives of castor oil, the biotechnological route of production, and metabolic engineering approaches. Though the industrial significance of castor oil and its derivatives had been known for ages, methods for their production are continuously changing.

Utilising bio-based plasticiser castor oil and recycled PLA for the production of conductive additive manufacturing feedstock and detection of bisphenol A

“…Castor oil is an inedible oil that can be extracted through mechanical pressing or solvent extraction from the plant Ricinus communis , belonging to the Euphorbiaceous family. 15 This plant is cultivated on industrial scales in multiple countries globally due to its many industrial uses, including India, China, Brazil, Thailand, Ethiopia, and the Philippines. 16 Additionally, castor oil waste has been utilised previously to produce biochar as a modifier for developing electrochemical sensors.…”

Mid–Long Chain Dicarboxylic Acid Production via Systems Metabolic Engineering: Progress and Prospects

“…AZA is synthesized from oleic acid through ozone-based oxidation, resulting in the generation of nonanoic acid as a byproduct. SA, on the other hand, is derived from the alkane cracking of ricinoleic acid or the electrolytic dimerization of monomethyl adipate. , However, these chemical methods are often harsh and energy-intensive and release large amounts of greenhouse gases. Chemical synthesis also often involves many steps and delivers a low yield with high cost.…”

Polyetheramine‐Type Semi‐Biobased Long‐Chain Polyamide 1210 Elastomer: Synthesis, Structure, and Unique Thermal Behavior

“…And the cracking by-products of castor oil, fatty acids, have a variety of uses, including grease, lubricants, and surfactants. [35][36][37] This presents promising development prospects. Consequently, there exists a pressing need to investigate a simplified polymerization process for biobased TPAEs, contributing to the diversification of the TPAE family.…”