A comprehensive review of animal models for cancer cachexia: Implications for translational research

Li, Li; Wazir, Junaid; Huang, Zhiqiang; Wang, Yong; Wang, Hongwei

doi:10.1016/j.gendis.2023.101080

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 123 publications

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“…However, current animal models fall short of fully representing these diverse clinical aspects. 104,105 Particularly in advanced lung cancers, anorexia emerges as a critical symptom of CC, leading to reduced food intake and exacerbating systemic metabolic issues. Unlike metabolic changes caused by starvation or malabsorption, cancer-induced anorexia presents unique challenges.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics‐driven discovery of therapeutic targets for cancer cachexia

Cui,

Li,

Huang

et al. 2024

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Cancer cachexia (CC) is a devastating metabolic syndrome characterized by skeletal muscle wasting and body weight loss, posing a significant burden on the health and survival of cancer patients. Despite ongoing efforts, effective treatments for CC are still lacking. Metabolomics, an advanced omics technique, offers a comprehensive analysis of small‐molecule metabolites involved in cellular metabolism. In CC research, metabolomics has emerged as a valuable tool for identifying diagnostic biomarkers, unravelling molecular mechanisms and discovering potential therapeutic targets. A comprehensive search strategy was implemented to retrieve relevant articles from primary databases, including Web of Science, Google Scholar, Scopus and PubMed, for CC and metabolomics. Recent advancements in metabolomics have deepened our understanding of CC by uncovering key metabolic signatures and elucidating underlying mechanisms. By targeting crucial metabolic pathways including glucose metabolism, amino acid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, bile acid metabolism, ketone body metabolism, steroid metabolism and mitochondrial energy metabolism, it becomes possible to restore metabolic balance and alleviate CC symptoms. This review provides a comprehensive summary of metabolomics studies in CC, focusing on the discovery of potential therapeutic targets and the evaluation of modulating specific metabolic pathways for CC treatment. By harnessing the insights derived from metabolomics, novel interventions for CC can be developed, leading to improved patient outcomes and enhanced quality of life.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Metabolomics‐driven discovery of therapeutic targets for cancer cachexia

Cui,

Li,

Huang

et al. 2024

J cachexia sarcopenia muscle

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Exploring heterogeneity: a dive into preclinical models of cancer cachexia

Morena,

Cabrera,

Greene

2024

American Journal of Physiology-Cell Physiology

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Cancer Cachexia (CC) is a multifactorial and complex syndrome experienced by up to 80% of cancer patients and implicated in ~40% of cancer-related deaths. Given its significant impact on patients' quality of life and prognosis, there has been a growing emphasis on elucidating the underlying mechanisms of CC using pre-clinical models. However, the mechanisms of cachexia appear to differ across several variables including tumor type and model and biologic variables such as sex. These differences may be exacerbated by variance in experimental approaches and data reporting. This review examines literature spanning from 2011 to March 2024, focusing on common pre-clinical models of CC, including Lewis Lung Carcinoma, pancreatic KPC, and colorectal colon-26 and Apcmin/+ models. Our analysis reveals considerable heterogeneity in phenotypic outcomes, and investigated mechanisms within each model, with particular attention to sex differences which may be exacerbated through methodological differences. While searching for unified mechanisms is critical, we posit that effective treatment approaches are likely to leverage the heterogeneity presented by the tumor and pertinent biological variables to direct specific interventions. In exploring this heterogeneity, it becomes critical to consider methodological and data reporting approaches to best inform further research.

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Defining and Addressing Research Priorities in Cancer Cachexia through Transdisciplinary Collaboration

Park,

Whelan,

Ahmed

et al. 2024

Cancers

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For many patients, the cancer continuum includes a syndrome known as cancer-associated cachexia (CAC), which encompasses the unintended loss of body weight and muscle mass, and is often associated with fat loss, decreased appetite, lower tolerance and poorer response to treatment, poor quality of life, and reduced survival. Unfortunately, there are no effective therapeutic interventions to completely reverse cancer cachexia and no FDA-approved pharmacologic agents; hence, new approaches are urgently needed. In May of 2022, researchers and clinicians from Moffitt Cancer Center held an inaugural retreat on CAC that aimed to review the state of the science, identify knowledge gaps and research priorities, and foster transdisciplinary collaborative research projects. This review summarizes research priorities that emerged from the retreat, examples of ongoing collaborations, and opportunities to move science forward. The highest priorities identified include the need to (1) evaluate patient-reported outcome (PRO) measures obtained in clinical practice and assess their use in improving CAC-related outcomes; (2) identify biomarkers (imaging, molecular, and/or behavioral) and novel analytic approaches to accurately predict the early onset of CAC and its progression; and (3) develop and test interventions (pharmacologic, nutritional, exercise-based, and through mathematical modeling) to prevent CAC progression and improve associated symptoms and outcomes.

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A comprehensive review of animal models for cancer cachexia: Implications for translational research

Cited by 3 publications

References 123 publications

Metabolomics‐driven discovery of therapeutic targets for cancer cachexia

Metabolomics‐driven discovery of therapeutic targets for cancer cachexia

Exploring heterogeneity: a dive into preclinical models of cancer cachexia

Defining and Addressing Research Priorities in Cancer Cachexia through Transdisciplinary Collaboration

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