A comprehensive mathematical model for nanofibre formation in centrifugal spinning methods

Centrifugally spun poly(ethylene oxide) fibers rival the properties of electrospun fibers

“…3,[5][6][7][8][18][19][20][21] In contrast, in CFS, a spiraling liquid jet ejected from a fast rotating spinneret or nozzle under the influence of centrifugal forces, undergoes drawing and thinning during its timeof-flight, t flight to a collector. 2,3,[6][7][8][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In both cases, the final draw ratio and the fiber diameter additionally depend on the crystallization and solidification processes that transform a liquid (solution or melt) jet to a solid filament over a timescale t jf that needs to be shorter than t flight . CFS has been reinvented many times since its inception with various names like centrifugal spinning, forcespinning, cotton candy method, rotary jet spinning and rotary spinning, 2,3,[6][7][8]13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] to make cotton candy, fiberglass, microfibers, polymeric fibers from solutions and melts, and composite fibers.…”

“…2,3,[6][7][8][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32] In both cases, the final draw ratio and the fiber diameter additionally depend on the crystallization and solidification processes that transform a liquid (solution or melt) jet to a solid filament over a timescale t jf that needs to be shorter than t flight . CFS has been reinvented many times since its inception with various names like centrifugal spinning, forcespinning, cotton candy method, rotary jet spinning and rotary spinning, 2,3,[6][7][8]13,[22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33] to make cotton candy, fiberglass, microfibers, polymeric fibers from solutions and melts, and composite fibers. Extensive experimental and theoretical studies of ES have explored the influence of polymer, solvent, and other additives (particles, cells, surfactants, and drugs), processing conditions, and postspinning operations like annealing on spinnability, fiber morphology and mechanical properties.…”

“…We noticed only two studies 37,38 used differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) to obtain crystallinity for nylon and regenerated silk and found comparable values for electrospun and centrifugally-spun fibers. As ES and CFS differ vastly in terms of the driving forces that can stretch and align polymers, 6,20,[25][26][27]39 determine timescales for solidification, growth of capillarity-driven instability, and the time-of-flight from nozzle to collector, 7,8 it is critical to contrast diameter, crystallinity, and mechanical properties of centrifugally-spun fibers with electrospun fibers. In practical applications, mechanical properties of fibers and consequently fiber mats (nonwovens) affect perceived stiffness or softness, bending and folding resistance, toughness, and the impact and flexural strength of any materials formed with them.…”

“…We contrast crystallinity, tensile strength and modulus, and elongation-at-break with the corresponding values reported in literature for electrospun PEO fibers. We picked PEO as the model polymer inspired by many existing fundamental studies of fiber formation and properties, 2,4,8,12,13,18,21,24,27,29,33,34,40,[44][45][46][47][48][49] and our extensive prior characterization of the shear and extensional rheology response of aqueous PEO solutions. [50][51][52][53] Fibers formed by PEO alone, using PEO to enhance spinnability, or containing PEO blended with other polymers, particles, or proteins, are suitable for biomedical (e.g., drug delivery, antimicrobial filters), energy and digital electronics (e.g., battery separators, photovoltaics), and environmental applications.…”

Genetic Algorithm-Based Optimization of Curved-Tube Nozzle Parameters for Rotating Spinning

“…The previous researches mainly focused on mechanisms of rotating spinning. Noroozi et al (2020) established the string model to study the behavior of viscous jet in the rotating spinning. Divvela et al (2017) developed a discrete model to predict the rotating trajectory of the viscous jet in rotating spinning.…”