A Comprehensive Inter-Tissue Crosstalk Analysis Underlying Progression and Control of Obesity and Diabetes

Abstract

Obesity is a metabolic state associated with excess of positive energy balance. While adipose tissues are considered the major contributor for complications associated with obesity, they influence a variety of tissues and inflict significant metabolic and inflammatory alterations. Unfortunately, the communication network between different cell-types responsible for such systemic alterations has been largely unexplored. Here we study the inter-tissue crosstalk during progression and cure of obesity using multi-tissue gene expression data generated through microarray analysis. We used gene expression data sets from 10 different tissues from mice fed on high-fat-high-sugar diet (HFHSD) at various stages of disease development and applied a novel analysis algorithm to deduce the tissue crosstalk. We unravel a comprehensive network of inter-tissue crosstalk that emerges during progression of obesity leading to inflammation and insulin resistance. Many of the crosstalk involved interactions between well-known modulators of obesity and associated pathology like inflammation. We then used similar datasets from mice that in addition to HFHSD were also administered with a herbal concoction known to circumvent the effects of HFHSD in the diet induced model of obesity in mice. We propose, the analysis presented here could be applied to understand systemic details of several chronic diseases.

The Impact of Intramammary Escherichia coli Challenge on Liver and Mammary Transcriptome and Cross-Talk in Dairy Cows during Early Lactation Using RNAseq

“…The cross-talk between different tissues is emerging as an important regulatory factor during health and disease. This has been observed in monogastrics [ 8 ]. Mastitis, an inflammation of the mammary gland, is the most costly disease in the dairy industry and occurs more frequently during early lactation [ 9 ].…”

G-Protein-Coupled Estrogen Receptor (GPER) and Sex-Specific Metabolic Homeostasis

“…Lower fasting blood glucose and insulin levels in the ovariectomized mice suggest beneficial effects of G-1 on glucose homeostasis in both the liver and skeletal muscle, leading to speculation that G-1 may directly modulate glucose production in the liver and glucose uptake in skeletal muscle. However, as discussed above, since treatment with G-1 also prevents weight gain and visceral fat deposition in ovariectomized mice, an improvement in glucose homeostasis could be due to either direct or indirect effects of GPER-mediated signaling events in the tissues involved in metabolic regulation, which exhibit substantial cross talk with respect to glucose homeostasis (Samdani et al 2015; Kim 2016).…”

The Type of Fat in the Diet Influences the Behavior and the Relationship Between Cystinyl and Alanyl Aminopeptidase Activities in Frontal Cortex, Liver, and Plasma

“…Tissues do not function as independent compartments: they interact among each other to offer an integrated response to changes in the internal and/or external environment (Samdani et al, 2015;Segarra et al, 2019b). If the level of activity of each enzyme in each tissue can be differentially modified depending on the type of diet, a possible interaction between such intra and inter-tissue activities could also be modified.…”

“…If the level of activity of each enzyme in each tissue can be differentially modified depending on the type of diet, a possible interaction between such intra and inter-tissue activities could also be modified. In order to contrast the influence of the degree of saturation of fat on the diet ( Figure 1B) and to better understand a neurovisceral integrative response to the effect of specific diets, it is necessary not only to determinate the profile of the response to selective diets at different locations but also to obtain information on the intraand inter-tissue interactions between these locations (Samdani et al, 2015) and enzymes. Therefore, AlaAP and CysAP activities were determined in frontal cortex (FC), liver (LI), and plasma (PL) of male rats fed diets enriched with sesame oil (S), sunflower oil (SF), fish oil (F), olive oil (O), Iberian lard (L), or coconut oil (C).…”